contract: the desired-state golden gains host_release (byte-identical with hub v0.131.0); TestOSUpdateGolden_Decodes checks it

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0159rPz1ZhFKsS53msqPYxtS
OS updates host fast lane + true tunnel status + fast leg: wrapper host layer (R12 appliance proof from the root-owned install record, R14 kernel/boot/firmware refused), select pending-fast, one call per layer, host-side version checks, restart scan only after an install, reboot-needed for PID 1/lxc-start; the leg runs the host step after a healthy guest step; GuestTunnelProber reads the cloudflared container + its readiness check (R-841)
2026-10-04 13:18:43 +02:00 · 2026-10-04 12:54:02 +02:00 · 2026-10-04 11:30:14 +02:00
19 changed files with 982 additions and 413 deletions
@@ -1,3 +1,32 @@
+## v0.140.0 — OS updates, guest fast lane (`11-os-updates.md` §8 step 2; `09` §3 decisions 76, 79, 80)
+
+> **RELEASED 2026-10-04** by `scripts/release-agent.sh` — tag `v0.140.0` (`9cac346`), sha256
+> `ae2d60b794869c51d6b063c8e31e2da98ecdbd36c6b75febd64e2fb4266c1250`, verified by download. Not vouched at release time.
+
+**MinAgent impact:** none required by any controller. **Needs hub v0.130.0** (`os-report`, the `os_update` block); an
+older hub serves no block and the leg then reports and installs nothing (ring 1, no release).
+
+- **`configs/felhom-os-apply`** — the root wrapper (Python 3, stdlib). One sudoers entry, `FELHOM_OSAPPLY`:
+  `felhom-os-apply --plan /var/lib/felhom-agent/os/plan-*.json`. Modes `inventory` / `apply` / `health`. Refuses (exit
+  2, nothing changed) on R1–R13: plan path/owner/JSON, a non-Debian origin, the slow lane, any removal, any downgrade,
+  a new or unlisted package, a version not downloadable even from the snapshot, low space, a lock (apt or a guest lock
+  such as a backup), a vmid that is not the box's own customer guest (it must bind `/mnt/felhom-drives`), malformed
+  names/versions, the host layer, dpkg still broken after the repair. Repairs first (`dpkg --configure -a`,
+  `apt-get -f install`). A version Debian already replaced comes from `snapshot.debian.org` at the approval time
+  (decision 79). Reports the full installed set with origins, pending, restart-needed (outside containers), health.
+  `configs/test_felhom_os_apply.py`: 35 tests; every refusal red-proved.
+- **`internal/osupdate`** — the leg: after a SUCCESSFUL primary whole-guest backup, still holding the heavy-op gate
+  (never beside another backup or a restore-test), once per night, 90 s after the backup. Ring 0 installs every pending
+  Debian / Debian-Security fix; ring 1 exactly the hub's newest approved release; switched OFF → reports only. The
+  health rule: docker answers, the network resolves, the controller is healthy, every container running at the START
+  of the leg runs (and is healthy if it was) — a 5-minute wait. **No automatic undo:** a customer guest cannot be
+  snapshotted (R-837). A failure is `health_failed` → the hub mails the operator.
+- **`--selftest=os-update -vmid N`** — the debug action (trigger `debug`, never throttled, not a night run).
+- **The `--selftest` flag also accepts `wgtunnel`** — it was dispatched but refused since S3 (found by the new
+  `TestSelftestFlag_AcceptsEveryDispatchedMode`, which also caught `os-update` live).
+- Proven live 2026-10-04 on both demo boxes (ring 0: 53 packages each; ring 1: exactly 3 approved versions; a failed
+  health check → `health_failed`, operator mailed): `felhom.eu/documentation/audits/os-guest-lane-2026-10-04/`.
+
 ## v0.139.0 — a DR restore never lands beside a live original (2026-10-04, R-834)

 > **RELEASED 2026-10-04** by `scripts/release-agent.sh` — tag `v0.139.0` (`475bdce`), sha256
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-# REPORT — 2026-10-04: v0.139.0 (R-834)
+# REPORT — 2026-10-04: v0.140.0, OS updates (guest fast lane)

-Full session report: `felhom.eu/REPORT-backup-close-os-spike-2026-10-04.md`.
+Full session report: `felhom.eu/REPORT-os-guest-lane-2026-10-04.md`.

- **Measured** on demo-hp: the scheduled restore-test's scratch guest has `onboot: 0` and throwaway stand-ins for
-  mp8/mp9 on every config read until teardown — it was already safe. Evidence `felhom.eu/documentation/audits/backup-close-2026-10-04/partA/`.
- **Fixed:** the DR bring-up refuses beside a live original (source guest present, a drives bind on another guest,
-  or an unreadable config). On a replaced host it is unchanged.
- Tests `TestRunBringUp_DRRefusesBesideALiveOriginal`, `TestRestoreTest_NoHostPathBindBesideTheOriginal` and two
-  more; both rules red-proved. No sudoers change (said why in the CHANGELOG).
+- `felhom-os-apply` wrapper (R1–R13, repair first, snapshot.debian.org fallback), `FELHOM_OSAPPLY` sudoers, the OS leg
+  after the primary backup, `--selftest=os-update`. Released `9cac346`, sha256 `ae2d60b7…1250`, verified by download.
+- Live on both demo boxes: ring 0 installed 53 packages each, healthy; ring 1 installed exactly the 3 approved versions;
+  a deliberately failed health check reported `health_failed` and mailed the operator.
+- Found and fixed live: the `--selftest` flag refused `os-update` (and `wgtunnel`, since S3); the conffile log line
+  called an updated file "kept"; an app stopped between the inventory and the apply escaped the health check.
+- No automatic undo (R-837: PVE refuses a snapshot of a guest with host-path binds).
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ func runDaemon(cfg config.Config, logger *slog.Logger, logRing *applog.Ring) int
 	pbsStore := pbs.NewSnapshotStore()
 	pbsTargets := pbsTargetsFromPVE(cfg, px, logger)
 	pbsReporter := pbs.NewLiveSnapshotReporter(pbsTargets, pbsStore, pbs.DefaultLiveSnapshotTimeout, logger)
-	collector := hub.NewCollector(px, hub.SystemctlProber{}, observer, backupStore, backupStore, pbsReporter, cfg.Hub.HostID, version, logger)
+	collector := hub.NewCollector(px, newTunnelProber(cfg, px), observer, backupStore, backupStore, pbsReporter, cfg.Hub.HostID, version, logger)
 	collector.SetBackupTargetResolver(primaryBackupTargetOf(cfg)) // R-109: the recipe names the live target
 	// Privileged-capability self-check (v0.44.0): probe the sudoers grants the non-root agent
 	// depends on. The probe runs `sudo -n -l` LITERALLY (a policy LIST, never executing the
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ func runDaemon(cfg config.Config, logger *slog.Logger, logRing *applog.Ring) int
 	desiredSyncer := desired.NewSyncer(client, desiredProvider, logger)
 	// OS updates, guest fast lane (agent v0.140.0, `11-os-updates.md` §8 step 2): the leg consumes the hub's
 	// os_update block and runs after each successful primary whole-guest backup (wired on the local API below).
-	osLeg := newOSLeg(cfg, client, logger)
+	osLeg := newOSLeg(cfg, client, px, logger)
 	desiredSyncer.AddConsumer(osLeg)
 	// S5: consume a host_loss restore_directive into an inspectable restore PLAN (derive + surface,
 	// execute nothing). The recipe is fetched on-demand (rare directive) via a fresh Collect.
@@ -1127,7 +1127,7 @@ func runDaemon(cfg config.Config, logger *slog.Logger, logRing *applog.Ring) int
 				return
 			case <-time.After(90 * time.Second):
 			}
-			osLeg.Run(ctx, vmid, "night")
+			_, _ = osLeg.Run(ctx, vmid, "night")
 		})
 	}
 	if localTokens != nil {
@@ -2026,7 +2026,7 @@ func runSelftestHub(ctx context.Context, cfg config.Config, logger *slog.Logger)
 	// pbs coord. The live reporter lists snapshots directly (fresh store, last-known-good fallback) so
 	// the selftest reflects exactly what a freshly-restarted daemon's first collect emits.
 	pbsReporter := pbs.NewLiveSnapshotReporter(pbsTargetsFromPVE(cfg, px, logger), pbs.NewSnapshotStore(), pbs.DefaultLiveSnapshotTimeout, logger)
-	collector := hub.NewCollector(px, hub.SystemctlProber{}, observer, nil, nil, pbsReporter, cfg.Hub.HostID, version, logger)
+	collector := hub.NewCollector(px, newTunnelProber(cfg, px), observer, nil, nil, pbsReporter, cfg.Hub.HostID, version, logger)
 	// R-109: wire the backup-target resolver here TOO. Without it selftest=hub would print a recipe whose
 	// backup_target reads unknown/agent_backup_config_unavailable while the daemon's is resolved — and
 	// this one-shot exists precisely so "the report it would send" can be trusted to match.
@@ -3508,7 +3508,7 @@ func (f *selftestFlag) Set(v string) error {

 // newOSLeg builds the OS-update leg (agent v0.140.0). The wrapper runs through sudo (FELHOM_OSAPPLY); the plan and
 // the once-per-night marker live in the agent's own os/ dir.
-func newOSLeg(cfg config.Config, client *hub.Client, logger *slog.Logger) *osupdate.Leg {
+func newOSLeg(cfg config.Config, client *hub.Client, px *proxmox.Client, logger *slog.Logger) *osupdate.Leg {
 	mode := proxmox.RunnerMode(cfg.Privileged.Mode)
 	if mode == "" {
 		mode = proxmox.RunnerSudo
@@ -3518,6 +3518,9 @@ func newOSLeg(cfg config.Config, client *hub.Client, logger *slog.Logger) *osupd
 		Logger:    logger,
 		PlanDir:   osupdate.DefaultPlanDir,
 		StatePath: filepath.Join(osupdate.DefaultPlanDir, "last-night-run"),
+		// The host step (agent v0.141.0) runs only on an appliance install; the wrapper re-checks the ROOT-owned record.
+		Appliance: cfg.IsAppliance(),
+		Tunnel:    newTunnelProber(cfg, px),
 	}
 	if client != nil {
 		l.Hub = client
@@ -3539,7 +3542,12 @@ func runSelftestOSUpdate(ctx context.Context, cfg config.Config, logger *slog.Lo
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "selftest=os-update: hub client:", err)
 		return 1
 	}
-	leg := newOSLeg(cfg, client, logger)
+	px, perr := newProxmoxClient(cfg)
+	if perr != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "selftest=os-update: proxmox client:", perr)
+		return 1
+	}
+	leg := newOSLeg(cfg, client, px, logger)
 	resp, err := client.FetchDesiredState(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "selftest=os-update: desired state:", err)
@@ -3547,15 +3555,67 @@ func runSelftestOSUpdate(ctx context.Context, cfg config.Config, logger *slog.Lo
 	}
 	leg.SetBlock(resp.DesiredState.OSUpdate)
 	b := leg.Block()
-	fmt.Printf("=== felhom-agent %s selftest=os-update vmid=%d ring=%d enabled=%v release=%v ===\n", version, vmid, b.Ring, b.Enabled, b.Release != nil)
-	rep := leg.Run(ctx, vmid, "debug")
-	printJSON("os-update report", map[string]any{"run_id": rep.RunID, "ring": rep.Ring, "release_id": rep.ReleaseID,
-		"mode": rep.Mode, "outcome": rep.Outcome, "healthy": rep.Healthy, "health_reason": rep.HealthReason,
-		"upgraded": rep.Upgraded, "pending": len(rep.Pending), "not_covered": rep.NotCovered,
-		"restart_needed": rep.RestartNeeded, "docker_restart_needed": rep.DockerRestartNeeded, "refused": rep.Refused})
+	fmt.Printf("=== felhom-agent %s selftest=os-update vmid=%d ring=%d enabled=%v guest-release=%v host-release=%v appliance=%v ===\n",
+		version, vmid, b.Ring, b.Enabled, b.Release != nil, b.HostRelease != nil, leg.Appliance)
+	start := time.Now()
+	g, h := leg.Run(ctx, vmid, "debug")
+	for _, rep := range []osupdate.Report{g, h} {
+		if rep.Layer == "" {
+			fmt.Println("  host step: skipped (see the log line above)")
+			continue
+		}
+		printJSON("os-update report ("+rep.Layer+")", map[string]any{"run_id": rep.RunID, "ring": rep.Ring, "release_id": rep.ReleaseID,
+			"mode": rep.Mode, "outcome": rep.Outcome, "healthy": rep.Healthy, "health_reason": rep.HealthReason,
+			"upgraded": rep.Upgraded, "pending": len(rep.Pending), "not_covered": rep.NotCovered,
+			"restart_needed": rep.RestartNeeded, "reboot_needed": rep.RebootNeeded, "wrapper_seconds": rep.PassSeconds, "refused": rep.Refused})
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("  pass took %s\n", time.Since(start).Round(100*time.Millisecond))
+	rep := g
+	if h.Layer != "" && !(h.Outcome == "applied" || h.Outcome == "nothing" || h.Outcome == "inventory") {
+		rep = h
+	}
 	switch rep.Outcome {
 	case "applied", "nothing", "inventory", "skipped":
 		return 0
 	}
 	return 1
 }
+
+// newTunnelProber reads the box's REAL tunnel (R-841, agent v0.141.0): the cloudflared container in each running
+// customer guest — a guest that binds /mnt/felhom-drives, the same rule the OS wrapper's R10 uses — through the
+// existing `pct exec [0-9]* -- docker inspect -f *` sudoers line.
+func newTunnelProber(cfg config.Config, px *proxmox.Client) hub.CloudflaredProber {
+	mode := proxmox.RunnerMode(cfg.Privileged.Mode)
+	if mode == "" {
+		mode = proxmox.RunnerSudo
+	}
+	return hub.GuestTunnelProber{
+		Runner: &proxmox.ExecRunner{Mode: mode, SudoPath: cfg.Privileged.SudoPath},
+		Guests: func(ctx context.Context) ([]int, error) {
+			if px == nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("no proxmox client")
+			}
+			gs, err := px.ListLXC(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			var out []int
+			for _, g := range gs {
+				if g.Status != "running" {
+					continue
+				}
+				gc, err := px.GuestConfig(ctx, g.VMID)
+				if err != nil {
+					continue
+				}
+				for _, v := range gc.MountPoints() {
+					if src, _, _ := strings.Cut(v, ","); src == "/mnt/felhom-drives" {
+						out = append(out, g.VMID)
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			return out, nil
+		},
+	}
+}
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python3
-# felhom-os-apply — the ROOT half of the agent's operating-system update leg (`11-os-updates.md` §5.4.1).
+# felhom-os-apply — the ROOT half of the agent's operating-system update leg (`11-os-updates.md` §5.4.1, §8.1–8.2).
 #
 # Install as /usr/local/sbin/felhom-os-apply (0755 root:root). The non-root agent invokes it via `sudo -n`
 # (FELHOM_OSAPPLY alias) with EXACTLY:   felhom-os-apply --plan /var/lib/felhom-agent/os/plan-<id>.json
@@ -8,22 +8,28 @@
 #
 # THE TRUST MODEL. The plan is written by the agent, so a broken-into agent writes whatever plan it likes. The
 # protection is therefore what this file REFUSES, not where the plan came from: no removal, no downgrade, no new
-# package, no package outside the plan, only Debian origin in the fast lane, only the box's own customer guest.
-# Package signatures stay Debian's: apt checks every Release file against the guest's keyring, including the
-# snapshot.debian.org fallback (decision 79). Nothing here is overridable from the environment.
+# package, no package outside the plan, only Debian origin in the fast lane, no kernel / boot package on the host,
+# only the box's own customer guest, and the host layer only on a box whose ROOT-OWNED install record says
+# "appliance" (a BYO host belongs to its owner, `11` §1). Package signatures stay Debian's: apt checks every Release
+# file, including the snapshot.debian.org fallback (decision 79). Nothing here is overridable from the environment.
 #
-# THIS RELEASE: layer "guest", lane "fast" only. The host layer and the slow lane exist in the interface and are
-# REFUSED (R3, R12) until `11` §8 steps 3 and 5 enable them.
+# LAYERS (agent v0.141.0): "guest" (the customer LXC, entered with `pct exec`) and "host" (this Proxmox host, run
+# directly). LANE: "fast" only — the slow lane (kernel, Proxmox, Docker) is REFUSED (R3, R14) until `11` §8 steps 5–6.
 #
 # Modes (plan field "mode"):
-#   inventory   read-only for packages: `apt-get update` in the guest, then report what is installed (with origin),
-#               what is pending, restart-needed and health. Installs nothing.
-#   apply       repair first, check every refusal on an `apt-get -s` simulation of EXACTLY name=version, then
-#               install, clean, and report the same as inventory.
+#   inventory   `apt-get update`, then report what is installed (with origin), what is pending, and health.
+#   apply       repair first, pick the packages (select "listed": the plan's name=version list; "pending-fast": every
+#               pending Debian / Debian-Security upgrade, for ring 0), check every refusal on an `apt-get -s`
+#               simulation of EXACTLY name=version, install, clean, scan for restart-needed, report as inventory.
 #   health      report health only (the agent polls it after a run).
 # Output: log lines on stderr and the journal (tag felhom-os-apply); the LAST stdout line is
 #   OSAPPLY-REPORT <one JSON object>
 # which is what the agent parses. Exit 0 = done; 2 = refused (nothing changed); 3 = failed during install.
+#
+# SPEED (R-845, agent v0.141.0). Every `pct exec` costs ~0.9 s (measured on demo-hp), and v0.140.0 made one per
+# package for version comparisons — 272 packages ≈ 4 minutes. Versions are now compared with the HOST's dpkg (the same
+# Debian algorithm), madison/policy run once per pass for all packages, the restart scan runs only after an install,
+# and one wrapper call does the whole pass (no separate inventory call before an apply).
 import json
 import os
 import re
@@ -46,6 +52,13 @@ SNAPSHOT_LIST = "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/felhom-os-snapshot.list"
 APT_ENV = ["env", "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive", "APT_LISTCHANGES_FRONTEND=none", "NEEDRESTART_MODE=l", "LC_ALL=C"]
 DPKG_OPTS = ["-o", "Dpkg::Options::=--force-confold", "-o", "Dpkg::Options::=--force-confdef"]
 MIN_FREE = 500 * 1024 * 1024
+# The installer's ROOT-OWNED record (felhom-host-install.sh `state_set mode`); the agent cannot write it.
+INSTALL_STATE = "/var/lib/felhom-install/state.json"
+# Kernel, boot and firmware packages are the SLOW lane on the host whatever their origin (`11` C3, §5.2): a host
+# reboot is needed for them to take effect, and a bad one can stop the box from booting.
+HOST_SLOW_RE = re.compile(r"^(linux-(image|headers|kbuild|modules|base)|proxmox-kernel|proxmox-default-kernel|pve-kernel|"
+                          r"pve-firmware|firmware-|grub|shim|systemd-boot|intel-microcode|amd64-microcode|efibootmgr)")
+HOST_SERVICES = ["pveproxy", "pvedaemon", "pvestatd", "pve-cluster", "felhom-agent"]


 class Refused(Exception):
@@ -57,8 +70,8 @@ class Refused(Exception):
 class Runner:
    """Runs commands for real. Tests replace it with a fake. `guest` runs inside the container via pct exec."""

-    def host(self, argv, timeout=600):
-        p = subprocess.run(argv, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=timeout)
+    def host(self, argv, timeout=600, stdin=None):
+        p = subprocess.run(argv, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=timeout, input=stdin)
        return p.returncode, p.stdout, p.stderr

    def guest(self, vmid, argv, timeout=1800):
@@ -75,6 +88,16 @@ class Runner:
        import pwd
        return pwd.getpwnam(AGENT_USER).pw_uid

+    def write_file(self, layer, vmid, path, body):
+        """Write a small text file in the target layer — never via a shell string."""
+        if layer == "host":
+            with open(path, "w") as f:
+                f.write(body)
+            return
+        rc, _, _ = self.host(["/usr/sbin/pct", "exec", str(vmid), "--", "tee", path], 60, stdin=body)
+        if rc != 0:
+            raise Refused("R7", f"could not write {path} in the guest")
+
    def log(self, line):
        print(line, file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
        try:
@@ -117,8 +140,9 @@ class Apply:
        mode = plan.get("mode", "apply")
        if mode not in ("apply", "inventory", "health"):
            raise Refused("R11", f"unknown mode {mode!r}")
-        if plan.get("layer") != "guest":
-            raise Refused("R12", f"layer {plan.get('layer')!r} is refused in this release (guest only)")
+        layer = plan.get("layer")
+        if layer not in ("guest", "host"):
+            raise Refused("R12", f"layer {layer!r} is not guest or host")
        if plan.get("lane", "fast") != "fast":
            raise Refused("R3", "the slow lane is refused in this release")
        vmid = plan.get("vmid")
@@ -129,9 +153,16 @@ class Apply:
            raise Refused("R11", f"release_id {rid!r} is not a plain id")
        if plan.get("allow_new"):
            raise Refused("R6", "allow_new is a slow-lane field; the fast lane never adds a package")
+        select = plan.get("select", "listed")
+        if select not in ("listed", "pending-fast"):
+            raise Refused("R11", f"unknown select {select!r}")
        pk = plan.get("packages", [])
-        if not isinstance(pk, list) or (mode == "apply" and not pk):
-            raise Refused("R11", "packages must be a non-empty list in apply mode")
+        if not isinstance(pk, list):
+            raise Refused("R11", "packages must be a list")
+        if mode == "apply" and select == "listed" and not pk:
+            raise Refused("R11", "packages must be a non-empty list in apply mode (select listed)")
+        if select == "pending-fast" and pk:
+            raise Refused("R11", "select pending-fast takes no package list")
        seen = set()
        for e in pk:
            if not isinstance(e, dict):
@@ -146,10 +177,27 @@ class Apply:
            seen.add(n)
            if o not in FAST_ORIGINS:
                raise Refused("R2", f"{n}: origin {o!r} is not Debian / Debian-Security (the fast lane, `11` C3)")
+            if layer == "host" and HOST_SLOW_RE.match(n):
+                raise Refused("R14", f"{n} is a kernel / boot / firmware package — the host's slow lane")
        snap = plan.get("snapshot", "")
        if snap and not SNAP_RE.match(snap):
            raise Refused("R11", f"snapshot {snap!r} is not YYYYMMDDTHHMMSSZ")
-        return mode, vmid
+        return mode, layer, vmid, select
+
+    def check_appliance(self):
+        """R12: the host layer only on a box whose ROOT-OWNED install record says appliance (`11` §1: never BYO)."""
+        try:
+            st = self.r.stat(INSTALL_STATE)
+        except OSError:
+            raise Refused("R12", f"no install record ({INSTALL_STATE}) — this box cannot prove it is an appliance")
+        if st.st_uid != 0 or (st.st_mode & 0o022):
+            raise Refused("R12", f"{INSTALL_STATE} is not root-owned and root-only-writable — it proves nothing")
+        try:
+            mode = json.loads(self.r.read_file(INSTALL_STATE)).get("mode")
+        except (OSError, ValueError, AttributeError):
+            raise Refused("R12", f"{INSTALL_STATE} is unreadable — this box cannot prove it is an appliance")
+        if mode != "appliance":
+            raise Refused("R12", f"this box was installed as {mode!r}, not appliance — its host belongs to its owner")

    def check_guest(self, vmid):
        if vmid in RESERVED_VMIDS:
@@ -169,12 +217,24 @@ class Apply:
        if rc != 0 or "running" not in out:
            raise Refused("R10", f"vmid {vmid} is not running")

-    # ---------- guest helpers ----------
-    def g(self, argv, timeout=1800):
+    # ---------- target helpers ----------
+    def x(self, argv, timeout=1800):
+        """Run in the TARGET layer: the guest via pct exec, or the host directly."""
+        if self.layer == "host":
+            return self.r.host(argv, timeout)
        return self.r.guest(self.vmid, argv, timeout)

+    def g(self, argv, timeout=1800):
+        """Run in the customer GUEST whatever the layer (its health)."""
+        return self.r.guest(self.vmid, argv, timeout)
+
+    def dpkg_cmp(self, a, op, b):
+        # The HOST's dpkg: the same Debian version algorithm, and no `pct exec` (0.9 s) per comparison (R-845).
+        rc, _, _ = self.r.host(["dpkg", "--compare-versions", a, op, b], 30)
+        return rc == 0
+
    def installed(self):
-        rc, out, _ = self.g(["dpkg-query", "-W", "-f", "${Package}\t${Version}\t${db:Status-Abbrev}\n"])
+        rc, out, _ = self.x(["dpkg-query", "-W", "-f", "${Package}\t${Version}\t${db:Status-Abbrev}\n"])
        res = {}
        for l in out.splitlines():
            parts = l.split("\t")
@@ -182,21 +242,20 @@ class Apply:
                res[parts[0]] = parts[1]
        return res

-    def dpkg_cmp(self, a, op, b):
-        rc, _, _ = self.g(["dpkg", "--compare-versions", a, op, b])
-        return rc == 0
-
-    def madison(self, name):
-        rc, out, _ = self.g(["apt-cache", "madison", name])
-        vs = set()
+    def madison_all(self, names):
+        """name -> set of downloadable versions, ONE call for all names."""
+        res = {n: set() for n in names}
+        if not names:
+            return res
+        rc, out, _ = self.x(["apt-cache", "madison"] + sorted(names))
        for l in out.splitlines():
            f = [x.strip() for x in l.split("|")]
-            if len(f) >= 3 and f[0] == name:
-                vs.add(f[1])
-        return vs
+            if len(f) >= 3 and f[0] in res:
+                res[f[0]].add(f[1])
+        return res

    def simulate(self, args):
-        rc, out, err = self.g(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-s", "-q"] + args)
+        rc, out, err = self.x(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-s", "-q"] + args)
        inst, remv = [], []
        for l in out.splitlines():
            m = re.match(r"^Inst (\S+) (?:\[([^]]*)\] )?\((\S+) (.*?) \[[a-z0-9]+\]\)", l)
@@ -213,17 +272,17 @@ class Apply:
        return {o.strip().split(":")[0] for o in origin.split(",") if o.strip()}

    def free_bytes(self):
-        rc, out, _ = self.g(["df", "-B1", "--output=avail", "/"])
+        rc, out, _ = self.x(["df", "-B1", "--output=avail", "/"])
        try:
            return int(out.strip().splitlines()[-1])
        except (ValueError, IndexError):
            return -1

    def apt_lock_held(self):
-        rc, out, _ = self.g(["fuser", "/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend", "/var/lib/dpkg/lock"])
+        rc, out, _ = self.x(["fuser", "/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend", "/var/lib/dpkg/lock"])
        return rc == 0 and out.strip() != ""

-    def health(self):
+    def guest_health(self):
        """The guest's signals: every container's state + health, the controller's own health, the network."""
        rc, out, _ = self.g(["docker", "ps", "-a", "--format", "{{.Names}}\t{{.State}}\t{{.Status}}"], timeout=60)
        cont = {}
@@ -238,21 +297,34 @@ class Apply:
                "controller": cont.get("felhom-controller", {}).get("health", "absent"),
                "network_ok": nrc == 0}

-    def restart_needed(self):
-        """Processes still mapping deleted files, OUTSIDE docker containers (C11)."""
-        script = ('for p in /proc/[0-9]*; do grep -q "(deleted)" $p/maps 2>/dev/null || continue; '
-                  'grep -q "docker" $p/cgroup 2>/dev/null && continue; echo "${p#/proc/} $(cat $p/comm 2>/dev/null)"; done')
-        rc, out, _ = self.g(["sh", "-c", script], timeout=120)
-        procs = sorted({l.split(" ", 1)[1] for l in out.splitlines() if " " in l})
-        pid1 = any(l.split(" ", 1)[0] == "1" for l in out.splitlines())
-        return procs, pid1
+    def health(self):
+        if self.layer == "guest":
+            return self.guest_health()
+        rc, out, _ = self.r.host(["systemctl", "is-active"] + HOST_SERVICES, 30)
+        states = out.split()
+        svc = {s: (states[i] if i < len(states) else "unknown") for i, s in enumerate(HOST_SERVICES)}
+        src, sout, _ = self.r.host(["/usr/sbin/pct", "status", str(self.vmid)], 30)
+        running = src == 0 and "running" in sout
+        return {"host_services": svc, "guest_running": running, "guest": self.guest_health() if running else None}

-    def inventory(self):
-        inst = self.installed()
+    def restart_needed(self):
+        """Processes still mapping deleted files, OUTSIDE containers (C11). Guest: outside docker; host: outside the
+        LXC guests (the host's /proc shows guest processes too)."""
+        skip = "docker" if self.layer == "guest" else "lxc"
+        script = ('for p in /proc/[0-9]*; do grep -q "(deleted)" $p/maps 2>/dev/null || continue; '
+                  'grep -q "%s" $p/cgroup 2>/dev/null && continue; echo "${p#/proc/} $(cat $p/comm 2>/dev/null)"; done' % skip)
+        rc, out, _ = self.x(["sh", "-c", script], timeout=120)
+        lines = [l for l in out.splitlines() if " " in l]
+        procs = sorted({l.split(" ", 1)[1] for l in lines})
+        pid1 = any(l.split(" ", 1)[0] == "1" for l in lines)
+        return procs, pid1 or "lxc-start" in procs
+
+    def inventory(self, inst=None):
+        inst = inst if inst is not None else self.installed()
        names = sorted(inst)
        origins = {}
-        for i in range(0, len(names), 200):
-            rc, out, _ = self.g(["apt-cache", "policy"] + names[i:i + 200])
+        if names:
+            rc, out, _ = self.x(["apt-cache", "policy"] + names)  # ONE call (R-845)
            cur, star = None, False
            for l in out.splitlines():
                if not l.startswith(" "):
@@ -270,10 +342,12 @@ class Apply:
                    continue
                if star and not re.match(r"^[0-9-]+ ", s):
                    star = False
-        # Map an index URL to an origin name the hub understands.
+
        def oname(src):
            if src in (None, "local"):
                return "unknown"
+            if "proxmox" in src:
+                return "Proxmox"
            if "security" in src and "debian" in src:
                return "Debian-Security"
            if "docker.com" in src:
@@ -282,6 +356,7 @@ class Apply:
                return "Debian"
            return "other"
        rc, pend, remv, _ = self.simulate(["dist-upgrade"])
+        self._pending = pend
        return {
            "installed": [{"name": n, "version": inst[n], "origin": oname(origins.get(n))} for n in names],
            "pending": [{"name": p["name"], "from": p["from"], "to": p["to"],
@@ -291,51 +366,70 @@ class Apply:
    # ---------- the run ----------
    def run(self):
        plan = self.load_plan()
-        self.mode, self.vmid = self.check_plan(plan)
-        self.report.update(mode=self.mode, release_id=plan.get("release_id"), vmid=self.vmid)
+        self.mode, self.layer, self.vmid, self.select = self.check_plan(plan)
+        self.report.update(mode=self.mode, layer=self.layer, release_id=plan.get("release_id"), vmid=self.vmid)
+        if self.layer == "host":
+            self.check_appliance()
        self.check_guest(self.vmid)
        log = self.r.log
        if self.mode == "health":
            self.report["health"] = self.health()
            return 0
-        log(f"os-apply: START release={plan.get('release_id')} layer=guest:{self.vmid} lane=fast mode={self.mode} packages={len(plan.get('packages', []))}")
+        log(f"os-apply: START release={plan.get('release_id')} layer={self.layer}" +
+            (f":{self.vmid}" if self.layer == "guest" else "") +
+            f" lane=fast mode={self.mode} select={self.select} packages={len(plan.get('packages', []))}")
        if self.apt_lock_held():
-            raise Refused("R9", "another apt/dpkg holds the lock in the guest")
+            raise Refused("R9", f"another apt/dpkg holds the lock on the {self.layer}")
        self.report["health_before"] = self.health()
        if self.mode == "apply":
            self.repair()
-        rc, out, err = self.g(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-q", "update"], timeout=600)
+        rc, out, err = self.x(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-q", "update"], timeout=600)
        if rc != 0:
-            raise Refused("R7", f"apt-get update failed in the guest: {(out + err).strip().splitlines()[-1:]}")
+            raise Refused("R7", f"apt-get update failed on the {self.layer}: {(out + err).strip().splitlines()[-1:]}")
+        installed_after = None
        if self.mode == "apply":
-            rc = self.apply(plan)
+            rc, installed_after = self.apply(plan)
            if rc:
                return rc
-        procs, pid1 = self.restart_needed()
-        self.report.update(self.inventory())
-        self.report["restart_needed"] = procs
-        self.report["docker_restart_needed"] = any(p in ("dockerd", "containerd") for p in procs)
-        self.report["reboot_needed"] = pid1
+        self.report.update(self.inventory(installed_after))
        self.report["health_after"] = self.health()
        return 0

    def repair(self):
-        rc, before, _ = self.g(["dpkg", "--audit"])
-        self.g(APT_ENV + ["dpkg", "--configure", "-a", "--force-confold"])
-        rc2, out, err = self.g(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-f", "install", "-y", "-q"] + DPKG_OPTS)
-        _, after, _ = self.g(["dpkg", "--audit"])
+        rc, before, _ = self.x(["dpkg", "--audit"])
        configured = len([l for l in before.splitlines() if l.startswith(" ")])
-        fixed = len(re.findall(r"^Setting up ", out, re.M))
+        fixed = 0
+        after = ""
+        if before.strip():  # nothing half-done → nothing to run (R-845: two calls saved on every clean pass)
+            self.x(APT_ENV + ["dpkg", "--configure", "-a", "--force-confold"])
+            rc2, out, err = self.x(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-f", "install", "-y", "-q"] + DPKG_OPTS)
+            _, after, _ = self.x(["dpkg", "--audit"])
+            fixed = len(re.findall(r"^Setting up ", out, re.M))
        self.report["repair"] = {"half_configured_before": configured, "fixed": fixed, "clean_after": after.strip() == ""}
        self.r.log(f"os-apply: REPAIR configured={configured} fixed={fixed}")
        if after.strip():
            raise Refused("R13", "dpkg is still broken after the repair: " + after.strip().splitlines()[0])

+    def pending_fast(self):
+        """Ring 0 (select pending-fast): every pending upgrade of an INSTALLED package whose every origin is Debian /
+        Debian-Security — and, on the host, not a kernel / boot / firmware package."""
+        rc, pend, remv, _ = self.simulate(["dist-upgrade"])
+        out = []
+        for p in pend:
+            o = self.origin_name(p["origin"])
+            if p["from"] is None or not o or not o <= set(FAST_ORIGINS):
+                continue
+            if self.layer == "host" and HOST_SLOW_RE.match(p["name"]):
+                continue
+            out.append({"name": p["name"], "version": p["to"], "origin": "Debian-Security" if "Debian-Security" in o else "Debian"})
+        return out
+
    def apply(self, plan):
        log = self.r.log
+        packages = plan["packages"] if self.select == "listed" else self.pending_fast()
        inst = self.installed()
        upgrade, already, notinst = [], 0, 0
-        for e in plan["packages"]:
+        for e in packages:
            n, v = e["name"], e["version"]
            if n not in inst:
                notinst += 1
@@ -345,13 +439,18 @@ class Apply:
                continue
            upgrade.append((n, v))
        from_snap = 0
-        missing = [(n, v) for n, v in upgrade if v not in self.madison(n)]
+        if upgrade:
+            avail = self.madison_all([n for n, _ in upgrade])
+            missing = [(n, v) for n, v in upgrade if v not in avail[n]]
+        else:
+            missing = []
        if missing:
            snap = plan.get("snapshot", "")
            if not snap:
                raise Refused("R7", f"{missing[0][0]}={missing[0][1]} is not downloadable and the plan names no snapshot")
            self.add_snapshot_sources(snap)
-            still = [(n, v) for n, v in missing if v not in self.madison(n)]
+            avail = self.madison_all([n for n, _ in missing])
+            still = [(n, v) for n, v in missing if v not in avail[n]]
            if still:
                self.remove_snapshot_sources()
                raise Refused("R7", f"{still[0][0]}={still[0][1]} is not downloadable, not even from snapshot {snap}")
@@ -362,7 +461,7 @@ class Apply:
            if not upgrade:
                self.report["upgraded"] = []
                log("os-apply: DONE rc=0 seconds=0 upgraded=0 (nothing to do)")
-                return 0
+                return 0, inst
            args = ["install", "--only-upgrade", "--no-install-recommends"] + [f"{n}={v}" for n, v in upgrade]
            rc, sim, remv, text = self.simulate(args)
            if rc != 0:
@@ -382,12 +481,14 @@ class Apply:
                    raise Refused("R5", f"{p['name']} would be downgraded {p['from']} -> {p['to']}")
                if not self.origin_name(p["origin"]) & set(FAST_ORIGINS):
                    raise Refused("R2", f"{p['name']} would come from {p['origin']}, not Debian")
+                if self.layer == "host" and HOST_SLOW_RE.match(p["name"]):
+                    raise Refused("R14", f"{p['name']} is a kernel / boot / firmware package — the host's slow lane")
            need = self.download_bytes(args)
            free = self.free_bytes()
            if free >= 0 and free < max(MIN_FREE, 3 * need):
                raise Refused("R8", f"free space {free} B is below max(500 MB, 3 x download {need} B)")
            t0 = time.time()
-            rc, out, err = self.g(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-y", "-q"] + DPKG_OPTS + args)
+            rc, out, err = self.x(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-y", "-q"] + DPKG_OPTS + args)
            secs = time.time() - t0
            # dpkg says "Installing new version of config file X" when X was NOT changed locally (the package's new
            # version is taken), and "Configuration file 'X'" + "Keeping old config file" when it was (--force-confold
@@ -404,23 +505,27 @@ class Apply:
                    log(f"os-apply: CONFFILE kept {conflict} (changed locally; the package's version is {conflict}.dpkg-dist)")
                    self.report.setdefault("conffiles_kept", []).append(conflict)
                    conflict = None
-            self.g(["apt-get", "clean"])
+            self.x(["apt-get", "clean"])
            if rc != 0:
-                _, aud, _ = self.g(["dpkg", "--audit"])
+                _, aud, _ = self.x(["dpkg", "--audit"])
                first = aud.strip().splitlines()[0] if aud.strip() else "clean"
                log(f"os-apply: FAILED rc={rc} step=install — dpkg state: {first}")
                self.report["failed"] = {"rc": rc, "dpkg_audit": first, "tail": (out + err).strip().splitlines()[-3:]}
-                return 3
+                return 3, None
            self.report["upgraded"] = [{"name": n, "version": v} for n, v in upgrade]
            self.report["seconds"] = round(secs, 1)
-            log(f"os-apply: DONE rc=0 seconds={secs:.1f} upgraded={len(upgrade)}")
-            return 0
+            procs, reboot = self.restart_needed()  # only after an install (R-845)
+            self.report["restart_needed"] = procs
+            self.report["docker_restart_needed"] = any(p in ("dockerd", "containerd") for p in procs)
+            self.report["reboot_needed"] = reboot
+            log(f"os-apply: DONE rc=0 seconds={secs:.1f} upgraded={len(upgrade)} restart-needed={','.join(procs) or '-'} reboot-needed={'yes' if reboot else 'no'}")
+            return 0, None
        finally:
            if from_snap:
                self.remove_snapshot_sources()

    def download_bytes(self, args):
-        rc, out, _ = self.g(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-s", "-o", "Debug::NoLocking=1", "--print-uris", "-q"] + args)
+        rc, out, _ = self.x(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-s", "-o", "Debug::NoLocking=1", "--print-uris", "-q"] + args)
        total = 0
        for l in out.splitlines():
            m = re.match(r"^'[^']+' \S+ ([0-9]+) ", l)
@@ -429,33 +534,22 @@ class Apply:
        return total

    def add_snapshot_sources(self, snap):
-        rc, out, _ = self.g(["sh", "-c", ". /etc/os-release && echo $VERSION_CODENAME"])
+        rc, out, _ = self.x(["sh", "-c", ". /etc/os-release && echo $VERSION_CODENAME"])
        code = out.strip()
        if not re.match(r"^[a-z]+$", code):
-            raise Refused("R7", f"cannot read the guest's Debian codename ({code!r})")
+            raise Refused("R7", f"cannot read the {self.layer}'s Debian codename ({code!r})")
        body = (f"deb [check-valid-until=no] http://snapshot.debian.org/archive/debian/{snap} {code} main\n"
                f"deb [check-valid-until=no] http://snapshot.debian.org/archive/debian-security/{snap} {code}-security main\n")
-        self.r.guest_write(self.vmid, SNAPSHOT_LIST, body)
+        self.r.write_file(self.layer, self.vmid, SNAPSHOT_LIST, body)
        self.r.log(f"os-apply: SNAPSHOT using snapshot.debian.org/{snap} for versions no longer published (decision 79)")
-        rc, out, err = self.g(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-q", "update"], timeout=600)
+        rc, out, err = self.x(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-q", "update"], timeout=600)
        if rc != 0:
            self.remove_snapshot_sources()
            raise Refused("R7", "apt-get update against snapshot.debian.org failed")

    def remove_snapshot_sources(self):
-        self.g(["rm", "-f", SNAPSHOT_LIST])
-        self.g(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-q", "update"], timeout=600)
-
-
-def guest_write(self, vmid, path, body):
-    """Write a small text file inside the guest via `pct exec … tee` (stdin), never via a shell string."""
-    p = subprocess.run(["/usr/sbin/pct", "exec", str(vmid), "--", "tee", path], input=body,
-                       capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=60)
-    if p.returncode != 0:
-        raise Refused("R7", f"could not write {path} in the guest")
-
-
-Runner.guest_write = guest_write
+        self.x(["rm", "-f", SNAPSHOT_LIST])
+        self.x(APT_ENV + ["apt-get", "-q", "update"], timeout=600)


 def main(argv, runner=None):
@@ -465,6 +559,7 @@ def main(argv, runner=None):
        print("OSAPPLY-REPORT " + json.dumps({"refused": {"code": "R1", "reason": "usage"}}))
        return 2
    a = Apply(r, argv[2])
+    t0 = time.time()
    try:
        rc = a.run()
    except Refused as e:
@@ -475,6 +570,7 @@ def main(argv, runner=None):
        r.log(f"os-apply: FAILED rc=124 step=timeout — {e.cmd}")
        a.report["failed"] = {"rc": 124, "timeout": str(e.cmd)[:200]}
        rc = 3
+    a.report["pass_seconds"] = round(time.time() - t0, 1)
    print("OSAPPLY-REPORT " + json.dumps(a.report, sort_keys=True))
    return rc

@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@ class Fake:
        self.written = {}
        self.status = "status: running"
        self.lock_held = False
+        self.services = {}
+        self.files[osapply.INSTALL_STATE] = json.dumps({"mode": "appliance"})
+        self.stats[osapply.INSTALL_STATE] = St(mode=statmod.S_IFREG | 0o644, uid=0)

    # Runner interface
    def read_file(self, p):
@@ -81,14 +84,19 @@ class Fake:
    def log(self, line):
        self.logs.append(line)

-    def host(self, argv, timeout=600):
+    def host(self, argv, timeout=600, stdin=None):
        self.calls.append(("host", argv))
-        if argv[1] == "status":
+        if argv[0] == "/usr/sbin/pct" and argv[1] == "status":
            return 0, self.status + "\n", ""
-        return 1, "", "unexpected host call"
+        if argv[0] == "dpkg" and argv[1] == "--compare-versions":
+            return (0 if dpkg_cmp(argv[2], argv[3], argv[4]) else 1), "", ""
+        if argv[0] == "systemctl" and argv[1] == "is-active":
+            return 0, "\n".join(self.services.get(s, "active") for s in argv[2:]) + "\n", ""
+        return self.emulate(argv)

-    def guest_write(self, vmid, path, body):
+    def write_file(self, layer, vmid, path, body):
        self.written[path] = body
+        self.write_layer = layer
        if path == osapply.SNAPSHOT_LIST:
            self.snap_active = True

@@ -100,6 +108,9 @@ class Fake:

    def guest(self, vmid, argv, timeout=1800):
        self.calls.append(("guest", vmid, argv))
+        return self.emulate(argv)
+
+    def emulate(self, argv):
        a = [x for x in argv if not re.match(r"^[A-Z_]+=", x) and x != "env"]
        cmd = a[0]
        if cmd == "dpkg-query":
@@ -113,7 +124,8 @@ class Fake:
        if cmd == "fuser":
            return (0, " 123", "") if self.lock_held else (1, "", "")
        if cmd == "apt-cache" and a[1] == "madison":
-            return 0, "".join(f" {a[2]} | {v} | http://deb.debian.org trixie/main amd64 Packages\n" for v in self.avail(a[2])), ""
+            self.madison_calls = getattr(self, "madison_calls", 0) + 1
+            return 0, "".join(f" {n} | {v} | http://deb.debian.org trixie/main amd64 Packages\n" for n in a[2:] for v in self.avail(n)), ""
        if cmd == "apt-cache" and a[1] == "policy":
            out = ""
            for n in a[2:]:
@@ -146,6 +158,8 @@ class Fake:
        if cmd == "sh":
            if "os-release" in a[2]:
                return 0, "trixie\n", ""
+            if "(deleted)" in a[2]:
+                return 0, getattr(self, "restart_out", ""), ""
            return 0, "", ""
        if cmd == "rm":
            self.snap_active = False
@@ -156,6 +170,9 @@ class Fake:
        if "--print-uris" in a:
            return 0, "'http://x/libc6.deb' libc6.deb 4000000 SHA256:x\n", ""
        if "dist-upgrade" in a:
+            if getattr(self, "pending_sim", None) is not None and not getattr(self, "_pending_used", False):
+                self._pending_used = True
+                return 0, "\n".join(self.pending_sim) + "\n", ""
            return 0, "Inst bash [5.2.37-2+b9] (5.2.37-2+b10 Debian:13.7/stable [amd64])\n", ""
        out = ""
        for x in a:
@@ -209,7 +226,7 @@ class Happy(unittest.TestCase):
        self.assertEqual(rc, 0, rep)
        self.assertEqual(f.installed["libc6"], "2.41-12+deb13u3")
        self.assertIn("installed", rep)
-        self.assertIn("restart_needed", rep)
+        self.assertNotIn("restart_needed", rep, "the restart scan runs only after an install (R-845)")

    def test_health_mode(self):
        f = Fake()
@@ -419,11 +436,44 @@ class Refusals(unittest.TestCase):
        f.plan["packages"][0]["name"] = "--purge"
        self.refused(f, "R11")

-    def test_R12_host_layer(self):
+    def test_R12_unknown_layer(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "vm"
+        self.refused(f, "R12")
+
+    def test_R12_host_on_a_byo_box(self):
        f = Fake()
        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.files[osapply.INSTALL_STATE] = json.dumps({"mode": "byo"})
        self.refused(f, "R12")

+    def test_R12_host_without_an_install_record(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        del f.stats[osapply.INSTALL_STATE]
+        self.refused(f, "R12")
+
+    def test_R12_host_record_not_root_owned(self):
+        # the agent can write agent.json's deployment_mode; only a ROOT-owned record proves anything
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.stats[osapply.INSTALL_STATE] = St(mode=statmod.S_IFREG | 0o644, uid=999)
+        self.refused(f, "R12")
+
+    def test_R14_kernel_package_in_a_host_plan(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.plan["packages"].append({"name": "linux-image-amd64", "version": "6.12.1-1", "origin": "Debian"})
+        self.refused(f, "R14")
+
+    def test_R14_kernel_package_pulled_by_the_simulation(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.extra_sim = ["Inst grub-common [2.12-9] (2.12-10 Debian:13.7/stable [amd64])"]
+        f.installed["grub-common"] = "2.12-9"
+        f.plan["packages"].append({"name": "grub-common", "version": "2.12-10", "origin": "Debian"})
+        self.refused(f, "R14")
+
    def test_R13_repair_does_not_fix_it(self):
        f = Fake()
        f.dpkg_audit = "The following packages are broken\n perl\n"
@@ -453,6 +503,79 @@ class Conffiles(unittest.TestCase):
        self.assertFalse(any("kept /etc/debian_version" in l for l in f.logs), "an updated file must not be reported as kept")


+class HostLayer(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_host_runs_on_the_host_not_in_the_guest(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        rc, rep = run(f)
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 0, rep)
+        inst = [c for c in f.calls if c[0] == "host" and "install" in c[1] and "-s" not in c[1] and "-f" not in c[1]]
+        self.assertTrue(inst, "the host install must run on the host")
+        self.assertFalse([c for c in f.calls if c[0] == "guest" and "install" in c[2]], "nothing installed in the guest")
+        self.assertEqual(sorted(rep["health_after"]["host_services"]), sorted(osapply.HOST_SERVICES))
+        self.assertTrue(rep["health_after"]["guest_running"])
+
+    def test_pending_fast_skips_proxmox_docker_and_kernel(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.plan["select"] = "pending-fast"
+        f.plan["packages"] = []
+        f.installed.update({"pve-manager": "9.2.2", "linux-image-amd64": "6.12.1", "docker-ce": "29.7"})
+        f.pending_sim = [
+            "Inst libc6 [2.41-12+deb13u3] (2.41-12+deb13u4 Debian:13.7/stable [amd64])",
+            "Inst openssl [3.5.6-1~deb13u1] (3.5.7-1~deb13u3 Debian:13.7/stable, Debian-Security:13/stable-security [amd64])",
+            "Inst pve-manager [9.2.2] (9.2.21 Proxmox Debian Repository:stable [amd64])",
+            "Inst linux-image-amd64 [6.12.1] (6.12.9 Debian:13.7/stable [amd64])",
+            "Inst docker-ce [29.7] (29.8 Docker CE:trixie [amd64])",
+            "Inst brand-new (1.0 Debian:13.7/stable [amd64])",
+        ]
+        rc, rep = run(f)
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 0, rep)
+        got = sorted(u["name"] for u in rep["upgraded"])
+        self.assertEqual(got, ["libc6", "openssl"], "pending-fast must take only installed, Debian-origin, non-kernel packages")
+
+    def test_reboot_needed_when_pid1_or_lxc_start(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.restart_out = "1 systemd\n2101 lxc-start\n530 sshd\n"
+        rc, rep = run(f)
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 0, rep)
+        self.assertTrue(rep["reboot_needed"])
+        self.assertIn("lxc-start", rep["restart_needed"])
+
+    def test_reboot_needed_for_lxc_start_alone(self):
+        # lxc-start runs the guest; only a guest restart (or a host reboot) replaces it
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.restart_out = "2101 lxc-start\n530 sshd\n"
+        rc, rep = run(f)
+        self.assertTrue(rep["reboot_needed"], rep)
+
+    def test_no_reboot_for_ordinary_daemons(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        f.plan["layer"] = "host"
+        f.restart_out = "530 sshd\n611 cron\n"
+        rc, rep = run(f)
+        self.assertFalse(rep["reboot_needed"], rep)
+
+
+class Speed(unittest.TestCase):
+    # R-845: no `pct exec` per package — version checks on the host, madison once, the restart scan only after an install.
+    def test_no_per_package_guest_calls(self):
+        f = Fake()
+        for i in range(40):
+            f.installed[f"pkg{i}"] = "1.0-1"
+            f.live[f"pkg{i}"] = {"1.0-2"}
+            f.plan["packages"].append({"name": f"pkg{i}", "version": "1.0-2", "origin": "Debian"})
+        rc, rep = run(f)
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 0, rep)
+        guest_cmp = [c for c in f.calls if c[0] == "guest" and "--compare-versions" in c[2]]
+        self.assertEqual(guest_cmp, [], "version comparisons must run on the host")
+        self.assertEqual(f.madison_calls, 1, "madison must run once for all packages")
+        guest_calls = len([c for c in f.calls if c[0] == "guest"])
+        self.assertLess(guest_calls, 30, f"{guest_calls} guest calls for 42 packages — something is per-package again")
+
+
 class Failure(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_install_failure_is_rc3_with_dpkg_state(self):
        f = Fake()
@@ -2,45 +2,111 @@ package hub

 import (
 	"context"
-	"os/exec"
+	"fmt"
 	"strings"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-agent/internal/proxmox"
 )

-// CloudflaredProber reports the cloudflared tunnel service health. It is a
-// READ-ONLY probe: the agent does NOT manage or restart cloudflared in this slice
-// (that is the tunnel-management slice — this is the seam for it). Injectable so
-// tests use a fake and never exec.
+// Tunnel states the agent reports (R-841, agent v0.141.0). THREE, never two: a probe that could not ask is
+// `unknown`, which the hub never shows as up or down and never alarms on (R-96 rule 3).
+const (
+	TunnelRunning    = "running"     // the cloudflared container runs AND its readiness check says CONNECTED
+	TunnelNotRunning = "not_running" // stopped / exited / absent, or running but NOT connected (Detail says which)
+	TunnelUnknown    = "unknown"     // the probe could not ask (guest down, pct/sudo error, health still starting)
+)
+
+// CloudflaredProber reports the box's tunnel. Injectable so tests use a fake and never exec.
 type CloudflaredProber interface {
-	// Status returns one of: "active" | "inactive" | "failed" | "unknown".
-	Status(ctx context.Context) (string, error)
+	// Status returns one of the Tunnel* states and a short detail (why not_running / why unknown).
+	Status(ctx context.Context) (status, detail string)
 }

-// SystemctlProber runs `systemctl is-active cloudflared`. This is NOT a Privileged
-// (root-CLI) op — `is-active` is non-root readable and is not one of the three
-// proven root exceptions, so it does not go through internal/proxmox.Privileged.
-type SystemctlProber struct {
-	Unit string // defaults to "cloudflared"
+// GuestTunnelProber reads the REAL tunnel: the `cloudflared` container in the box's own customer guest.
+//
+// Before v0.141.0 the agent ran `systemctl is-active cloudflared` on the HOST — a unit that does not exist (cloudflared
+// is a guest container, `11-os-updates.md` C8), so every box reported `inactive` (R-841).
+//
+// It uses ONLY the existing sudoers line `pct exec [0-9]* -- docker inspect -f *` (03 §3): the container's state, exit
+// code and Docker health status. The health status comes from the compose health check controller v0.292.0 adds
+// (`cloudflared tunnel --metrics localhost:20241 ready` → /ready: 200 only with ≥ 1 connection). Measured 2026-10-04:
+// with a wrong token the container stays "running" while /ready answers 503 — so the container state alone would lie.
+// A container with no health check (an older controller) is judged on its state alone, and Detail says so.
+type GuestTunnelProber struct {
+	Runner proxmox.Runner
+	// Guests returns the box's customer guest vmids (running pool guests that bind /mnt/felhom-drives).
+	Guests func(ctx context.Context) ([]int, error)
 }

-// Status maps `systemctl is-active` output to the report vocabulary. systemctl
-// exits non-zero for inactive/failed, so the output string is authoritative over
-// the exit code; any exec error (binary missing, etc.) maps to "unknown".
-func (p SystemctlProber) Status(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
-	unit := p.Unit
-	if unit == "" {
-		unit = "cloudflared"
+const tunnelInspect = `{{.State.Status}}|{{.State.ExitCode}}|{{if .State.Health}}{{.State.Health.Status}}{{else}}none{{end}}`
+
+// Status probes every customer guest and reports the worst state (normally there is exactly one guest).
+func (p GuestTunnelProber) Status(ctx context.Context) (string, string) {
+	if p.Runner == nil || p.Guests == nil {
+		return TunnelUnknown, "no probe wired"
 	}
-	out, _ := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "systemctl", "is-active", unit).Output()
-	switch strings.TrimSpace(string(out)) {
-	case "active":
-		return "active", nil
-	case "failed":
-		return "failed", nil
-	case "inactive", "deactivating", "activating":
-		return "inactive", nil
-	case "":
-		return "unknown", nil // no output → systemctl/exec problem
-	default:
-		return "unknown", nil
+	vmids, err := p.Guests(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return TunnelUnknown, "could not list the customer guest: " + err.Error()
 	}
+	if len(vmids) == 0 {
+		return TunnelUnknown, "no running customer guest"
+	}
+	worst, wdetail := "", ""
+	rank := map[string]int{TunnelRunning: 0, TunnelUnknown: 1, TunnelNotRunning: 2}
+	for _, v := range vmids {
+		out, errOut, err := p.Runner.Run(ctx, "/usr/sbin/pct", "exec", fmt.Sprint(v), "--", "docker", "inspect", "-f", tunnelInspect, "cloudflared")
+		st, d := ClassifyTunnel(string(out), string(errOut), err)
+		if len(vmids) > 1 {
+			d = fmt.Sprintf("guest %d: %s", v, d)
+		}
+		if worst == "" || rank[st] > rank[worst] {
+			worst, wdetail = st, d
+		}
+	}
+	return worst, wdetail
+}
+
+// ClassifyTunnel maps one `docker inspect` answer to a state. Pure; pinned by TestClassifyTunnel.
+func ClassifyTunnel(stdout, stderr string, err error) (string, string) {
+	out := strings.TrimSpace(stdout)
+	if err != nil || out == "" {
+		if strings.Contains(stderr, "No such object") || strings.Contains(stderr, "No such container") {
+			return TunnelNotRunning, "no cloudflared container in the guest"
+		}
+		return TunnelUnknown, "could not ask the guest: " + firstLine(stderr, err)
+	}
+	parts := strings.Split(out, "|")
+	if len(parts) != 3 {
+		return TunnelUnknown, "unreadable docker answer: " + out
+	}
+	state, code, health := parts[0], parts[1], parts[2]
+	if state != "running" {
+		return TunnelNotRunning, fmt.Sprintf("container %s, exit code %s", state, code)
+	}
+	switch health {
+	case "healthy":
+		return TunnelRunning, "connected"
+	case "unhealthy":
+		return TunnelNotRunning, "container running but the tunnel is NOT connected (cloudflared /ready fails)"
+	case "starting":
+		return TunnelUnknown, "container running, readiness check still starting"
+	case "none":
+		return TunnelRunning, "container running (no readiness check on this controller — connection not checked)"
+	}
+	return TunnelUnknown, "unknown health state " + health
+}
+
+func firstLine(stderr string, err error) string {
+	s := strings.TrimSpace(stderr)
+	if i := strings.IndexByte(s, '\n'); i >= 0 {
+		s = s[:i]
+	}
+	if s == "" && err != nil {
+		s = err.Error()
+	}
+	if len(s) > 160 {
+		s = s[:160]
+	}
+	return s
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package hub
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// R-841: the three states from one `docker inspect` answer. Red-proof: map "unhealthy" to running (the container
+// state alone — what a plain "is it running" probe would say) and the "running but not connected" case fails.
+func TestClassifyTunnel(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name, out, errOut string
+		err               error
+		want              string
+		detail            string
+	}{
+		{"connected", "running|0|healthy\n", "", nil, TunnelRunning, "connected"},
+		{"running but not connected", "running|0|unhealthy\n", "", nil, TunnelNotRunning, "NOT connected"},
+		{"stopped", "exited|137|unhealthy\n", "", nil, TunnelNotRunning, "exit code 137"},
+		{"absent", "", "Error: No such object: cloudflared", errors.New("exit status 1"), TunnelNotRunning, "no cloudflared container"},
+		{"still starting", "running|0|starting\n", "", nil, TunnelUnknown, "starting"},
+		{"no health check (older controller)", "running|0|none\n", "", nil, TunnelRunning, "connection not checked"},
+		{"guest not running", "", "CT 9201 not running", errors.New("exit status 255"), TunnelUnknown, "could not ask"},
+		{"sudo refused", "", "sudo: a password is required", errors.New("exit status 1"), TunnelUnknown, "could not ask"},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		st, d := ClassifyTunnel(c.out, c.errOut, c.err)
+		if st != c.want || !strings.Contains(d, c.detail) {
+			t.Errorf("%s: got %q (%s), want %q (…%s…)", c.name, st, d, c.want, c.detail)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+type tunnelRunner struct {
+	calls []string
+	out   map[string]string
+}
+
+func (r *tunnelRunner) Run(_ context.Context, name string, args ...string) ([]byte, []byte, error) {
+	line := name + " " + strings.Join(args, " ")
+	r.calls = append(r.calls, line)
+	return []byte(r.out[args[1]]), nil, nil
+}
+func (r *tunnelRunner) RunStdin(ctx context.Context, _ io.Reader, name string, args ...string) ([]byte, []byte, error) {
+	return r.Run(ctx, name, args...)
+}
+
+// The probe uses EXACTLY the existing sudoers shape `pct exec <vmid> -- docker inspect -f <tmpl> cloudflared`, and
+// with no customer guest it is unknown, never down.
+func TestGuestTunnelProber(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &tunnelRunner{out: map[string]string{"9201": "running|0|healthy"}}
+	p := GuestTunnelProber{Runner: r, Guests: func(context.Context) ([]int, error) { return []int{9201}, nil }}
+	if st, d := p.Status(context.Background()); st != TunnelRunning || d != "connected" {
+		t.Fatalf("got %q %q", st, d)
+	}
+	want := "/usr/sbin/pct exec 9201 -- docker inspect -f " + tunnelInspect + " cloudflared"
+	if len(r.calls) != 1 || r.calls[0] != want {
+		t.Fatalf("command = %q, want %q", r.calls, want)
+	}
+	none := GuestTunnelProber{Runner: r, Guests: func(context.Context) ([]int, error) { return nil, nil }}
+	if st, _ := none.Status(context.Background()); st != TunnelUnknown {
+		t.Fatalf("no guest → %q, want unknown", st)
+	}
+}
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ func (c *Collector) Collect(ctx context.Context) (*HostReport, error) {
 		PBSSnapshots:   c.collectPBSSnapshots(ctx),

 		AuditTail:       []AuditEntry{},
-		Cloudflared:     Cloudflared{Status: c.cloudflaredStatus(ctx)},
+		Cloudflared:     c.cloudflared(ctx),
 		Capabilities:    c.capabilities(ctx),
 		LeafFingerprint: c.leafFP,
 		Addresses:       c.collectAddresses(),
@@ -555,16 +555,18 @@ func (c *Collector) collectPBSSnapshots(ctx context.Context) []PBSSnapshot {
 	return []PBSSnapshot{}
 }

-func (c *Collector) cloudflaredStatus(ctx context.Context) string {
+func (c *Collector) cloudflared(ctx context.Context) Cloudflared {
 	if c.cf == nil {
-		return "unknown"
+		return Cloudflared{Status: TunnelUnknown, Detail: "no probe wired"}
 	}
-	st, err := c.cf.Status(ctx)
-	if err != nil || st == "" {
-		c.logger.Warn("hub: cloudflared probe failed", "err", err)
-		return "unknown"
+	st, d := c.cf.Status(ctx)
+	if st == "" {
+		st = TunnelUnknown
 	}
-	return st
+	if st == TunnelUnknown {
+		c.logger.Debug("hub: tunnel probe could not decide", "detail", d)
+	}
+	return Cloudflared{Status: st, Detail: d}
 }

 func percent(used, total int64) float64 {
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func (f fakeGuestNet) GuestNetStatus(context.Context) *GuestNetStatus { return f

 func TestCollect_GuestNetOmittedWhenReporterNil(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.92.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.92.0", quietLogger())
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Collect: %v", err)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func TestCollect_GuestNetOmittedWhenReporterNil(t *testing.T) {

 func TestCollect_GuestNetPopulatedWhenWired(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.92.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.92.0", quietLogger())
 	c.SetGuestNetReporter(fakeGuestNet{st: &GuestNetStatus{
 		CheckedAt: "2026-07-21T10:00:00Z",
 		Guests: []GuestNetGuest{{
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ func (f fakeMgmtPlane) MgmtPlaneStatus(context.Context) *MgmtPlaneStatus { retur

 func TestCollect_MgmtPlaneOmittedWhenReporterNil(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.71.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.71.0", quietLogger())
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Collect: %v", err)
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func TestCollect_MgmtPlaneOmittedWhenReporterNil(t *testing.T) {

 func TestCollect_MgmtPlanePopulatedWhenWired(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.71.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.71.0", quietLogger())
 	c.SetMgmtPlaneReporter(fakeMgmtPlane{st: &MgmtPlaneStatus{
 		PrivsepDirOK: true, SshdReachable: true, HealedRecently: true, PrivsepHealedAt: "2026-07-05T16:42:17Z",
 	}})
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (f fakeOOB) OOBStatus(context.Context) *OOBStatus { return f.st }

 func TestCollect_OOBOmittedWhenNil(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.72.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.72.0", quietLogger())
 	r, _ := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if r.OOB != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("no reporter → oob omitted, got %+v", r.OOB)
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func TestCollect_OOBOmittedWhenNil(t *testing.T) {

 func TestCollect_OOBPopulatedWhenWired(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.72.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.72.0", quietLogger())
 	c.SetOOBReporter(fakeOOB{st: &OOBStatus{FelhomSshdActive: true, FelhomSshdPort: 8822, Reachable: true}})
 	r, _ := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if r.OOB == nil || r.OOB.FelhomSshdPort != 8822 || !r.OOB.Reachable {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func TestCollect_StorageTargetsFromObserver(t *testing.T) {
 	obs := fakeObserver{targets: []StorageTarget{
 		{Name: "local-lvm", Type: StorageTypeLVMThin, State: StorageStateAttached, Reachable: true},
 	}}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, obs, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.5.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, obs, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.5.0", quietLogger())
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Collect: %v", err)
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func TestCollect_StorageTargetsFromObserver(t *testing.T) {

 func TestCollect_StorageObserverErrorDegradesToEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{err: errors.New("proxmox down")}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.5.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{err: errors.New("proxmox down")}, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.5.0", quietLogger())
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("a storage observe error must not sink the heartbeat: %v", err)
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func TestCollect_HostAndGuests(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		cfg: map[int]proxmox.GuestConfig{100: {Cores: 2, Memory: 2048}},
 	}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "demo-host-01", "0.3.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "demo-host-01", "0.3.0", quietLogger())
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Collect: %v", err)
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func TestCollect_HostAndGuests(t *testing.T) {
 	if g.Spec.Cores != 2 || g.Spec.MemoryBytes != 2147483648 || g.Spec.DiskBytes != 21474836480 {
 		t.Errorf("spec = %+v", g.Spec)
 	}
-	if r.Cloudflared.Status != "active" {
+	if r.Cloudflared.Status != "running" || r.Cloudflared.Detail != "connected" {
 		t.Errorf("cloudflared = %q", r.Cloudflared.Status)
 	}
 }
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ func TestCollect_GuestConfigFailureKeepsStatusOmitsSpec(t *testing.T) {
 		cfg:    map[int]proxmox.GuestConfig{100: {Cores: 2}},
 		cfgErr: map[int]error{200: errors.New("config read failed")},
 	}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.3.1", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.3.1", quietLogger())
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("a per-guest failure must NOT fail the whole report: %v", err)
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func TestCollect_GuestConfigFailureKeepsStatusOmitsSpec(t *testing.T) {

 func TestCollect_NodeStatusFailureIsHardError(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", nsErr: errors.New("proxmox down")}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.3.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.3.0", quietLogger())
 	if _, err := c.Collect(context.Background()); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("NodeStatus failure must be a hard error (no useful report)")
 	}
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func TestCollect_NodeStatusFailureIsHardError(t *testing.T) {

 func TestCollect_CloudflaredProbeErrorIsUnknown(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{err: errors.New("no systemctl")}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.3.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "", detail: "could not ask"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.3.0", quietLogger())
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("cloudflared failure must not be fatal: %v", err)
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func TestCollect_LeafFingerprint(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
 	const fp = "60b5974d586f5f3c8ec41eb998d0f07406178219c36bf6d3ff377570279d8245"

-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.48.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.48.0", quietLogger())
 	c.SetLeafFingerprint(fp)
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func TestCollect_LeafFingerprint(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	// Companion: no SetLeafFingerprint (local API disabled) → empty, never a fabricated value.
-	c2 := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.48.0", quietLogger())
+	c2 := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.48.0", quietLogger())
 	r2, _ := c2.Collect(context.Background())
 	if r2.LeafFingerprint != "" {
 		t.Fatalf("unset leaf_fingerprint = %q, want empty", r2.LeafFingerprint)
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ func TestCollectDRRecipe_ProductionPath(t *testing.T) {
 	obs := fakeObserver{targets: capturedDemoFelhomTargets()}
 	pbsRep := fakePBSReporter{snaps: capturedDemoFelhomSnapshots()}

-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, obs, nil, nil, pbsRep, "h", "0.118.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, obs, nil, nil, pbsRep, "h", "0.118.0", quietLogger())
 	c.SetBackupTargetResolver(func() ConfiguredBackupTarget {
 		return ConfiguredBackupTarget{StorageID: "felhom-backup", Known: true}
 	})
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ func TestCollectDRRecipe_ProductionPath(t *testing.T) {
 // test that would have caught shipping the seam without wiring it.
 func TestCollectDRRecipe_UnwiredSeamReportsUnknown(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, fakeObserver{targets: capturedDemoFelhomTargets()},
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, fakeObserver{targets: capturedDemoFelhomTargets()},
 		nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.118.0", quietLogger())

 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func intp(v int) *int { return &v }
 // HostMetricsNow returns a fresh host block with cpu% from NodeStatus and the temp from the reader.
 func TestHostMetricsNow_PopulatesTemp(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "demo-felhom", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger()).
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger()).
 		SetTempReader(fakeTemp{c: intp(46)})
 	h, err := c.HostMetricsNow(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func TestHostMetricsNow_PopulatesTemp(t *testing.T) {
 // A missing temp sensor gracefully nulls cpu_temp_c without failing the host read.
 func TestHostMetricsNow_GracefulNullTemp(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger()).
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger()).
 		SetTempReader(fakeTemp{c: nil})
 	h, err := c.HostMetricsNow(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func TestHostMetricsNow_GracefulNullTemp(t *testing.T) {
 // A NodeStatus failure is a hard error (no useful host view).
 func TestHostMetricsNow_NodeStatusErrorIsHard(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", nsErr: errors.New("proxmox down")}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger())
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger())
 	if _, err := c.HostMetricsNow(context.Background()); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("NodeStatus failure must be a hard error")
 	}
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func TestHostMetricsNow_NodeStatusErrorIsHard(t *testing.T) {
 // Collect() (the hub report) also carries the temp now — the operator freebie.
 func TestCollect_HostReportCarriesTemp(t *testing.T) {
 	px := &fakePx{node: "n", ns: newTestNodeStatus()}
-	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "active"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger()).
+	c := NewCollector(px, fakeProber{status: "running", detail: "connected"}, nil, nil, nil, nil, "h", "0.14.0", quietLogger()).
 		SetTempReader(fakeTemp{c: intp(51)})
 	r, err := c.Collect(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (f *fakePx) GuestConfig(ctx context.Context, vmid int) (proxmox.GuestConfig
 // fakeProber is a fake CloudflaredProber.
 type fakeProber struct {
 	status string
-	err    error
+	detail string
 }

-func (p fakeProber) Status(ctx context.Context) (string, error) { return p.status, p.err }
+func (p fakeProber) Status(ctx context.Context) (string, string) { return p.status, p.detail }
@@ -23,8 +23,14 @@ func TestOSUpdateGolden_Decodes(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("os_update = %+v", o)
 	}
 	r := o.Release
-	if r.ID != "os-20261004-120000" || r.Snapshot != "20261004T120000Z" || len(r.Packages) != 2 ||
+	if r.ID != "os-guest-20261004-120000" || r.Snapshot != "20261004T120000Z" || len(r.Packages) != 2 ||
 		r.Packages[1].Name != "openssl" || r.Packages[1].Version != "3.5.7-1~deb13u3" || r.Packages[1].Origin != "Debian-Security" {
 		t.Fatalf("release = %+v", r)
 	}
+	// v0.141.0: the host layer's own approved set (`11` §8 step 3).
+	h := o.HostRelease
+	if h == nil || h.ID != "os-host-20261004-120000" || h.Snapshot != "20261004T120000Z" || len(h.Packages) != 1 ||
+		h.Packages[0].Name != "libssl3t64" || h.Packages[0].Origin != "Debian-Security" {
+		t.Fatalf("host_release = %+v", h)
+	}
 }
@@ -289,9 +289,10 @@ type GuestSpec struct {
 	DiskBytes   int64 `json:"disk_bytes"`
 }

-// Cloudflared is the tunnel service health (read-only probe this slice).
+// Cloudflared is the box's tunnel (R-841, agent v0.141.0): the cloudflared container in the customer guest.
 type Cloudflared struct {
-	Status string `json:"status"` // active | inactive | failed | unknown
+	Status string `json:"status"`           // running | not_running | unknown (TunnelRunning …)
+	Detail string `json:"detail,omitempty"` // why not_running / unknown, or "connected"
 }

 // The following element types are declared now so the empty collections above are
@@ -559,6 +560,9 @@ type WireOSUpdate struct {
 	Ring    int            `json:"ring"`
 	Enabled bool           `json:"enabled"`
 	Release *WireOSRelease `json:"release,omitempty"`
+	// HostRelease is the newest approved HOST release (hub v0.131.0, `11` §8 step 3) — a separate set: a version
+	// approved for the guest is not approved for the host by that fact alone.
+	HostRelease *WireOSRelease `json:"host_release,omitempty"`
 }

 // WireOSRelease is an approved version set; Snapshot is the approval time (YYYYMMDDTHHMMSSZ) the wrapper uses
@@ -5,12 +5,19 @@
      "ring": 1,
      "enabled": true,
      "release": {
-        "id": "os-20261004-120000",
+        "id": "os-guest-20261004-120000",
        "snapshot": "20261004T120000Z",
        "packages": [
          {"name": "libc6", "version": "2.41-12+deb13u4", "origin": "Debian"},
          {"name": "openssl", "version": "3.5.7-1~deb13u3", "origin": "Debian-Security"}
        ]
+      },
+      "host_release": {
+        "id": "os-host-20261004-120000",
+        "snapshot": "20261004T120000Z",
+        "packages": [
+          {"name": "libssl3t64", "version": "3.5.7-1~deb13u3", "origin": "Debian-Security"}
+        ]
      }
    }
  }
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-// Package osupdate is the agent's OS-update leg for the customer GUEST (`11-os-updates.md` §8 step 2, agent v0.140.0).
+// Package osupdate is the agent's OS-update leg (`11-os-updates.md` §8 steps 2–3): the customer GUEST's Debian fast
+// lane (agent v0.140.0) and, after it in the same pass, the HOST's (agent v0.141.0).
 //
 // It runs right after the night's successful whole-guest backup, while the backup goroutine still holds the host-wide
 // heavy-op gate (so it never overlaps a backup or a restore-test, `11` C10), at most once per night. All root work is
 // the wrapper `felhom-os-apply` (configs/, its own tests); this package only builds plans, calls the wrapper through
-// sudo, judges health and reports to the hub.
+// sudo, judges health and reports to the hub — one report per layer.
 //
-// NO AUTOMATIC UNDO in this release (R-837, measured 2026-10-04): a customer guest cannot be snapshotted — PVE
-// refuses any snapshot not named `vzdump` when the guest has host-path binds (mp8, mp9). A failed health check
-// therefore stops, reports `health_failed` and the hub mails the operator; the whole-guest backup taken minutes
-// earlier is the undo, by hand.
+// NO AUTOMATIC UNDO (R-837 measured; `09` §3 decision 81): a failed health check stops, reports `health_failed` and the
+// hub mails the operator; the whole-guest backup taken minutes earlier is the guest's undo, by hand; a host package is
+// put back by hand from the previous release's snapshot (runbook). The host is NEVER rebooted by this package.
 package osupdate

 import (
@@ -33,6 +33,12 @@ const WrapperPath = "/usr/local/sbin/felhom-os-apply"
 // DefaultPlanDir is where plans are written (the sudoers glob names it).
 const DefaultPlanDir = "/var/lib/felhom-agent/os"

+// Layers.
+const (
+	LayerGuest = "guest"
+	LayerHost  = "host"
+)
+
 // Package is one name=version with its origin.
 type Package struct {
 	Name    string `json:"name"`
@@ -40,7 +46,7 @@ type Package struct {
 	Origin  string `json:"origin"`
 }

-// Pending is one update the guest's sources offer (origin as apt names it, possibly several).
+// Pending is one update the sources offer (origin as apt names it, possibly several).
 type Pending struct {
 	Name   string   `json:"name"`
 	From   string   `json:"from"`
@@ -54,17 +60,22 @@ type Container struct {
 	Health string `json:"health"` // healthy | unhealthy | starting | none
 }

-// Health is the guest's health snapshot (the wrapper's `health` object).
+// Health is one health reading. Guest layer: DockerOK..Containers. Host layer: HostServices, GuestRunning and the
+// guest's own reading in Guest.
 type Health struct {
-	DockerOK   bool                 `json:"docker_ok"`
-	NetworkOK  bool                 `json:"network_ok"`
-	Controller string               `json:"controller"`
-	Containers map[string]Container `json:"containers"`
+	DockerOK     bool                 `json:"docker_ok"`
+	NetworkOK    bool                 `json:"network_ok"`
+	Controller   string               `json:"controller"`
+	Containers   map[string]Container `json:"containers"`
+	HostServices map[string]string    `json:"host_services,omitempty"`
+	GuestRunning *bool                `json:"guest_running,omitempty"`
+	Guest        *Health              `json:"guest,omitempty"`
 }

 // WrapperReport is the wrapper's OSAPPLY-REPORT object.
 type WrapperReport struct {
 	Mode                string          `json:"mode"`
+	Layer               string          `json:"layer"`
 	Refused             json.RawMessage `json:"refused"`
 	Failed              json.RawMessage `json:"failed"`
 	Upgraded            []Package       `json:"upgraded"`
@@ -76,14 +87,16 @@ type WrapperReport struct {
 	HealthBefore        *Health         `json:"health_before"`
 	HealthAfter         *Health         `json:"health_after"`
 	Health              *Health         `json:"health"`
+	PassSeconds         float64         `json:"pass_seconds"`
 }

 func (w WrapperReport) refused() bool { return len(w.Refused) > 0 && string(w.Refused) != "null" }
 func (w WrapperReport) failed() bool  { return len(w.Failed) > 0 && string(w.Failed) != "null" }

-// Report is what the hub receives (hub osupdates.Report — field-exact).
+// Report is what the hub receives per layer (hub osupdates.Report — field-exact).
 type Report struct {
 	RunID               string          `json:"run_id"`
+	Layer               string          `json:"layer"`
 	Trigger             string          `json:"trigger"`
 	Mode                string          `json:"mode"`
 	Ring                int             `json:"ring"`
@@ -100,6 +113,7 @@ type Report struct {
 	DockerRestartNeeded bool            `json:"docker_restart_needed,omitempty"`
 	RebootNeeded        bool            `json:"reboot_needed,omitempty"`
 	Refused             json.RawMessage `json:"refused,omitempty"`
+	PassSeconds         float64         `json:"pass_seconds,omitempty"`
 }

 // Reporter posts a report to the hub (*hub.Client).
@@ -107,10 +121,12 @@ type Reporter interface {
 	PostOSReport(ctx context.Context, body []byte) error
 }

-// Leg runs one OS-update pass for the customer guest.
+// Leg runs one OS-update pass for the customer guest and then the host.
 type Leg struct {
 	Runner     proxmox.Runner
 	Hub        Reporter
+	Tunnel     hub.CloudflaredProber // the host health rule needs the tunnel `running` (R-841)
+	Appliance  bool                  // agent.json deployment_mode; the wrapper re-checks the ROOT-owned record (R12)
 	Logger     *slog.Logger
 	PlanDir    string
 	StatePath  string        // last night run (once per night)
@@ -122,7 +138,6 @@ type Leg struct {

 	mu    sync.Mutex
 	block *hub.WireOSUpdate
-	have  bool
 }

 // OnDesiredState stores the hub's os_update block (desired.RawConsumer — store only, never block).
@@ -132,7 +147,7 @@ func (l *Leg) OnDesiredState(_ context.Context, resp *hub.DesiredStateResponse)
 	}
 	l.mu.Lock()
 	defer l.mu.Unlock()
-	l.block, l.have = resp.DesiredState.OSUpdate, true
+	l.block = resp.DesiredState.OSUpdate
 }

 // Block returns the newest os_update block. No block (an older hub, or nothing fetched yet) = ring 1, ON, no
@@ -150,7 +165,7 @@ func (l *Leg) Block() hub.WireOSUpdate {
 func (l *Leg) SetBlock(b *hub.WireOSUpdate) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
 	defer l.mu.Unlock()
-	l.block, l.have = b, true
+	l.block = b
 }

 func (l *Leg) now() time.Time {
@@ -191,18 +206,9 @@ func IsFast(origins []string) bool {
 	return true
 }

-func fastOrigin(origins []string) string {
-	for _, o := range origins {
-		if o == "Debian-Security" {
-			return o
-		}
-	}
-	return "Debian"
-}
-
-// HealthVerdict is THE health rule (`11` §5.4.1; pinned by TestHealthVerdict_*): after the run, docker answers, the
-// guest's network resolves, the controller's own health check is `healthy`, and every container that was running
-// before is running again — and healthy again if it was healthy before. "starting" is not yet healthy.
+// HealthVerdict is THE guest health rule (`11` §8.1; pinned by TestHealthVerdict*): docker answers, the guest's
+// network resolves, the controller's own health check is `healthy`, and every container that was running at the
+// start of the pass runs again — and healthy again if it was. "starting" is not yet healthy.
 func HealthVerdict(before, after *Health) (bool, string) {
 	if after == nil {
 		return false, "no health reading"
@@ -240,34 +246,44 @@ func HealthVerdict(before, after *Health) (bool, string) {
 	return true, ""
 }

-// MergeBaseline is the health baseline from two readings: a container counts as running (and healthy) if EITHER
-// reading saw it so. nil-safe. Pinned by TestHealth_BaselineIsTheStartOfTheLeg.
-func MergeBaseline(a, b *Health) *Health {
-	if a == nil {
-		return b
+// HostHealthVerdict is THE host health rule (`11` §8.2; pinned by TestHostHealthVerdict): the Proxmox daemons and the
+// agent are active, the customer guest still runs, the guest's own rule still passes against the start of the pass,
+// and the tunnel is `running` (R-841).
+func HostHealthVerdict(before, after *Health, tunnel string) (bool, string) {
+	if after == nil {
+		return false, "no health reading"
 	}
-	if b == nil {
-		return a
+	svcs := make([]string, 0, len(after.HostServices))
+	for s := range after.HostServices {
+		svcs = append(svcs, s)
 	}
-	out := &Health{DockerOK: a.DockerOK && b.DockerOK, NetworkOK: a.NetworkOK && b.NetworkOK, Controller: b.Controller,
-		Containers: map[string]Container{}}
-	for _, h := range []*Health{a, b} {
-		for n, c := range h.Containers {
-			cur, seen := out.Containers[n]
-			if !seen || (cur.State != "running" && c.State == "running") {
-				out.Containers[n] = c
-				continue
-			}
-			if c.State == "running" && c.Health == "healthy" {
-				out.Containers[n] = c
-			}
+	sort.Strings(svcs)
+	if len(svcs) == 0 {
+		return false, "no host service reading"
+	}
+	for _, s := range svcs {
+		if after.HostServices[s] != "active" {
+			return false, s + " is " + after.HostServices[s]
 		}
 	}
-	return out
+	if after.GuestRunning == nil || !*after.GuestRunning {
+		return false, "the customer guest is not running"
+	}
+	var gb *Health
+	if before != nil {
+		gb = before.Guest
+	}
+	if ok, why := HealthVerdict(gb, after.Guest); !ok {
+		return false, "guest: " + why
+	}
+	if tunnel != hub.TunnelRunning {
+		return false, "the tunnel is " + tunnel
+	}
+	return true, ""
 }

 // call writes the plan and runs the wrapper once.
-func (l *Leg) call(ctx context.Context, runID, mode string, vmid int, rel hub.WireOSRelease, pkgs []Package) (WrapperReport, error) {
+func (l *Leg) call(ctx context.Context, runID string, plan map[string]any) (WrapperReport, error) {
 	dir := l.PlanDir
 	if dir == "" {
 		dir = DefaultPlanDir
@@ -275,13 +291,8 @@ func (l *Leg) call(ctx context.Context, runID, mode string, vmid int, rel hub.Wi
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o700); err != nil {
 		return WrapperReport{}, fmt.Errorf("osupdate: plan dir: %w", err)
 	}
-	plan := map[string]any{"release_id": rel.ID, "layer": "guest", "lane": "fast", "vmid": vmid, "mode": mode,
-		"snapshot": rel.Snapshot, "packages": pkgs}
-	if pkgs == nil {
-		plan["packages"] = []Package{}
-	}
 	b, _ := json.Marshal(plan)
-	path := filepath.Join(dir, "plan-"+runID+"-"+mode+".json")
+	path := filepath.Join(dir, fmt.Sprintf("plan-%s-%s-%s.json", runID, plan["layer"], plan["mode"]))
 	if err := os.WriteFile(path, b, 0o600); err != nil {
 		return WrapperReport{}, fmt.Errorf("osupdate: write plan: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -307,20 +318,11 @@ func (l *Leg) call(ctx context.Context, runID, mode string, vmid int, rel hub.Wi
 	return rep, nil // a refusal / failure is IN the report (exit 2 / 3), not an error here
 }

-// Run is one pass: inventory → (switch, ring, plan) → apply → health → report. trigger is "night" or "debug".
-func (l *Leg) Run(ctx context.Context, vmid int, trigger string) Report {
+// Run is one pass: the guest layer, then (on an appliance, after a good guest step) the host layer. Returns both
+// reports (host empty when skipped). trigger is "night" or "debug".
+func (l *Leg) Run(ctx context.Context, vmid int, trigger string) (guest Report, host Report) {
 	runID := l.now().UTC().Format("20060102T150405Z")
-	blk := l.Block()
-	rel := hub.WireOSRelease{ID: "ring0-" + runID}
-	if blk.Ring == 1 {
-		rel = hub.WireOSRelease{}
-		if blk.Release != nil {
-			rel = *blk.Release
-		}
-	}
-	rep := Report{RunID: runID, Trigger: trigger, Ring: blk.Ring, VMID: vmid, ReleaseID: rel.ID, Mode: "inventory"}
-	lg := l.log().With("run", runID, "vmid", vmid, "ring", blk.Ring, "trigger", trigger)
-
+	lg := l.log().With("run", runID, "vmid", vmid, "trigger", trigger)
 	if trigger == "night" && l.StatePath != "" {
 		gap := l.MinGap
 		if gap == 0 {
@@ -329,68 +331,107 @@ func (l *Leg) Run(ctx context.Context, vmid int, trigger string) Report {
 		if b, err := os.ReadFile(l.StatePath); err == nil {
 			if last, perr := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, strings.TrimSpace(string(b))); perr == nil && l.now().Sub(last) < gap {
 				lg.Info("osupdate: skipped — already ran tonight", "last", last.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339))
-				rep.Outcome = "skipped"
-				return rep
+				return Report{RunID: runID, Layer: LayerGuest, Outcome: "skipped"}, Report{}
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	blk := l.Block()
+	guest = l.runLayer(ctx, runID, LayerGuest, vmid, trigger, blk)
+	if trigger == "night" && l.StatePath != "" {
+		_ = os.WriteFile(l.StatePath, []byte(l.now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)), 0o600)
+	}
+	switch {
+	case !l.Appliance:
+		lg.Info("osupdate: host step skipped — not an appliance install (a BYO host belongs to its owner, `11` §1)")
+	case !(guest.Outcome == "applied" || guest.Outcome == "nothing" || guest.Outcome == "inventory") || !guest.Healthy:
+		lg.Warn("osupdate: host step skipped — the guest step did not end healthy", "guest_outcome", guest.Outcome, "reason", guest.HealthReason)
+	default:
+		host = l.runLayer(ctx, runID, LayerHost, vmid, trigger, blk)
+	}
+	return guest, host
+}
+
+func (l *Leg) runLayer(ctx context.Context, runID, layer string, vmid int, trigger string, blk hub.WireOSUpdate) Report {
+	rel := hub.WireOSRelease{ID: "ring0-" + runID}
+	var wire *hub.WireOSRelease
+	if layer == LayerGuest {
+		wire = blk.Release
+	} else {
+		wire = blk.HostRelease
+	}
+	if blk.Ring == 1 {
+		rel = hub.WireOSRelease{}
+		if wire != nil {
+			rel = *wire
+		}
+	}
+	rep := Report{RunID: runID, Layer: layer, Trigger: trigger, Ring: blk.Ring, VMID: vmid, ReleaseID: rel.ID}
+	lg := l.log().With("run", runID, "layer", layer, "vmid", vmid, "ring", blk.Ring, "trigger", trigger)
 	lg.Info("osupdate: START", "enabled", blk.Enabled, "release", rel.ID)

-	inv, err := l.call(ctx, runID, "inventory", vmid, rel, nil)
-	if err != nil || inv.refused() || inv.failed() {
-		rep.Outcome, rep.Refused = "refused", inv.Refused
-		if err != nil {
-			rep.Outcome, rep.HealthReason = "failed", err.Error()
-		}
-		return l.finish(ctx, lg, rep)
+	plan := map[string]any{"release_id": rel.ID, "layer": layer, "lane": "fast", "vmid": vmid, "snapshot": rel.Snapshot,
+		"packages": []Package{}, "mode": "apply", "select": "listed"}
+	if rel.ID == "" {
+		plan["release_id"] = "none"
 	}
-	var plan []Package
+	planned := map[string]bool{}
 	switch {
 	case !blk.Enabled:
-		rep.Outcome = "inventory"
+		plan["mode"] = "inventory"
 		lg.Info("osupdate: switched OFF for this box — reporting only")
 	case blk.Ring == 0:
-		for _, p := range inv.Pending {
-			if IsFast(p.Origin) {
-				plan = append(plan, Package{Name: p.Name, Version: p.To, Origin: fastOrigin(p.Origin)})
-			}
-		}
+		plan["select"] = "pending-fast" // the wrapper picks every pending Debian / Debian-Security upgrade
+	case len(rel.Packages) == 0:
+		plan["mode"] = "inventory" // ring 1 with no approved release for this layer: nothing to install
 	default:
+		var pk []Package
 		for _, p := range rel.Packages {
-			plan = append(plan, Package{Name: p.Name, Version: p.Version, Origin: p.Origin})
+			pk = append(pk, Package{Name: p.Name, Version: p.Version, Origin: p.Origin})
+			planned[p.Name] = true
 		}
+		plan["packages"] = pk
 	}
-	pkgNames := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, p := range plan {
-		pkgNames[p.Name] = true
+	rep.Mode = plan["mode"].(string)
+	wr, err := l.call(ctx, runID, plan)
+	switch {
+	case err != nil:
+		rep.Outcome, rep.HealthReason = "failed", err.Error()
+		return l.finish(ctx, lg, rep)
+	case wr.refused():
+		rep.Outcome, rep.Refused = "refused", wr.Refused
+		return l.finish(ctx, lg, rep)
+	case wr.failed():
+		rep.Outcome, rep.Refused = "failed", wr.Failed
 	}
-	if blk.Enabled && len(plan) == 0 {
-		rep.Outcome = "nothing"
-	}
-	final := inv
-	if blk.Enabled && len(plan) > 0 {
-		rep.Mode = "apply"
-		ap, err := l.call(ctx, runID, "apply", vmid, rel, plan)
+	rep.Upgraded, rep.PassSeconds = wr.Upgraded, wr.PassSeconds
+	if rep.Outcome == "" {
 		switch {
-		case err != nil:
-			rep.Outcome, rep.HealthReason = "failed", err.Error()
-			return l.finish(ctx, lg, rep)
-		case ap.refused():
-			rep.Outcome, rep.Refused = "refused", ap.Refused
-			return l.finish(ctx, lg, rep)
-		case ap.failed():
-			rep.Outcome, rep.Refused = "failed", ap.Failed
+		case rep.Mode == "inventory" && !blk.Enabled:
+			rep.Outcome = "inventory"
+		case len(wr.Upgraded) == 0:
+			rep.Outcome = "nothing"
+		default:
+			rep.Outcome = "applied"
 		}
-		final = ap
-		rep.Upgraded = ap.Upgraded
-		if rep.Outcome == "" {
-			if len(ap.Upgraded) == 0 {
-				rep.Outcome = "nothing"
-			} else {
-				rep.Outcome = "applied"
+	}
+	if blk.Ring == 0 {
+		for _, u := range wr.Upgraded {
+			planned[u.Name] = true
+		}
+	}
+	// Health: compare with the start of the pass; give restarted services time (only after an install).
+	cur := wr.HealthAfter
+	verdict := func(h *Health) (bool, string) {
+		if layer == LayerHost {
+			t := hub.TunnelUnknown
+			if l.Tunnel != nil {
+				t, _ = l.Tunnel.Status(ctx)
 			}
+			return HostHealthVerdict(wr.HealthBefore, h, t)
 		}
-		// Health: compare with what the guest looked like BEFORE the run; give restarted services time.
+		return HealthVerdict(wr.HealthBefore, h)
+	}
+	if len(wr.Upgraded) > 0 {
 		wait, poll := l.HealthWait, l.HealthPoll
 		if wait == 0 {
 			wait = 5 * time.Minute
@@ -399,19 +440,15 @@ func (l *Leg) Run(ctx context.Context, vmid int, trigger string) Report {
 			poll = 15 * time.Second
 		}
 		deadline := l.now().Add(wait)
-		cur := ap.HealthAfter
-		// The baseline is the guest as it was at the START of the leg (the inventory's reading) merged with the
-		// apply's own "before": an app that stops at any point during the run counts. Found live 2026-10-04: an app
-		// stopped between the inventory and the apply's own reading was taken as "stopped before" and ignored.
-		base := MergeBaseline(inv.HealthAfter, ap.HealthBefore)
 		for {
-			ok, why := HealthVerdict(base, cur)
+			ok, why := verdict(cur)
 			rep.Healthy, rep.HealthReason = ok, why
 			if ok || !l.now().Before(deadline) || ctx.Err() != nil {
 				break
 			}
 			l.sleep(ctx, poll)
-			hr, herr := l.call(ctx, runID, "health", vmid, rel, nil)
+			hp := map[string]any{"release_id": plan["release_id"], "layer": layer, "lane": "fast", "vmid": vmid, "mode": "health", "packages": []Package{}}
+			hr, herr := l.call(ctx, runID, hp)
 			if herr == nil && hr.Health != nil {
 				cur = hr.Health
 			}
@@ -420,20 +457,16 @@ func (l *Leg) Run(ctx context.Context, vmid int, trigger string) Report {
 			rep.Outcome = "health_failed"
 		}
 	} else {
-		ok, why := HealthVerdict(nil, inv.HealthAfter)
-		rep.Healthy, rep.HealthReason = ok, why
-	}
-	rep.Installed, rep.Pending = final.Installed, final.Pending
-	rep.RestartNeeded, rep.DockerRestartNeeded, rep.RebootNeeded = final.RestartNeeded, final.DockerRestartNeeded, final.RebootNeeded
-	rep.NotCovered = notCovered(final.Pending, blk.Ring, pkgNames)
-	if trigger == "night" && l.StatePath != "" {
-		_ = os.WriteFile(l.StatePath, []byte(l.now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)), 0o600)
+		rep.Healthy, rep.HealthReason = verdict(cur)
 	}
+	rep.Installed, rep.Pending = wr.Installed, wr.Pending
+	rep.RestartNeeded, rep.DockerRestartNeeded, rep.RebootNeeded = wr.RestartNeeded, wr.DockerRestartNeeded, wr.RebootNeeded
+	rep.NotCovered = notCovered(wr.Pending, blk.Ring, planned)
 	return l.finish(ctx, lg, rep)
 }

-// notCovered lists pending updates no approved release covers: in ring 0 everything outside the fast lane; in
-// ring 1 also every fast-lane update the release did not name.
+// notCovered lists pending updates no approved release covers: in ring 0 everything outside the fast lane; in ring 1
+// also every fast-lane update the release did not name.
 func notCovered(pending []Pending, ring int, planned map[string]bool) []string {
 	var out []string
 	for _, p := range pending {
@@ -446,7 +479,8 @@ func notCovered(pending []Pending, ring int, planned map[string]bool) []string {

 func (l *Leg) finish(ctx context.Context, lg *slog.Logger, rep Report) Report {
 	lg.Info("osupdate: DONE", "outcome", rep.Outcome, "healthy", rep.Healthy, "reason", rep.HealthReason,
-		"upgraded", len(rep.Upgraded), "pending", len(rep.Pending), "not_covered", len(rep.NotCovered), "restart_needed", len(rep.RestartNeeded))
+		"upgraded", len(rep.Upgraded), "pending", len(rep.Pending), "not_covered", len(rep.NotCovered),
+		"restart_needed", len(rep.RestartNeeded), "reboot_needed", rep.RebootNeeded, "wrapper_seconds", rep.PassSeconds)
 	if l.Hub != nil {
 		body, _ := json.Marshal(rep)
 		rctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.WithoutCancel(ctx), time.Minute)
@@ -14,15 +14,27 @@ import (
 	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-agent/internal/hub"
 )

-// fakeWrapper plays /usr/local/sbin/felhom-os-apply: it reads the plan the leg wrote and answers per mode.
+// fakeWrapper plays /usr/local/sbin/felhom-os-apply: it reads the plan the leg wrote and answers per layer and mode.
 type fakeWrapper struct {
 	t         *testing.T
 	pending   []Pending
-	applyRep  WrapperReport
-	healthSeq []*Health // answers to successive "health" calls
+	applyRep  map[string]WrapperReport // per layer
+	healthSeq map[string][]*Health     // per layer: answers to successive "health" calls
 	plans     []map[string]any
 }

+func yes() *bool { b := true; return &b }
+
+func guestOK() *Health {
+	return &Health{DockerOK: true, NetworkOK: true, Controller: "healthy", Containers: map[string]Container{
+		"felhom-controller": {State: "running", Health: "healthy"}, "app": {State: "running", Health: "healthy"}}}
+}
+
+func hostOK() *Health {
+	return &Health{HostServices: map[string]string{"pveproxy": "active", "pvedaemon": "active", "pvestatd": "active",
+		"pve-cluster": "active", "felhom-agent": "active"}, GuestRunning: yes(), Guest: guestOK()}
+}
+
 func (f *fakeWrapper) Run(_ context.Context, name string, args ...string) ([]byte, []byte, error) {
 	if name != WrapperPath || len(args) != 2 || args[0] != "--plan" {
 		f.t.Fatalf("unexpected command %s %v", name, args)
@@ -34,27 +46,30 @@ func (f *fakeWrapper) Run(_ context.Context, name string, args ...string) ([]byt
 	var plan map[string]any
 	json.Unmarshal(b, &plan)
 	f.plans = append(f.plans, plan)
+	layer := plan["layer"].(string)
+	ok := guestOK()
+	if layer == LayerHost {
+		ok = hostOK()
+	}
 	var rep WrapperReport
-	healthy := &Health{DockerOK: true, NetworkOK: true, Controller: "healthy", Containers: map[string]Container{
-		"felhom-controller": {State: "running", Health: "healthy"}, "app": {State: "running", Health: "healthy"}}}
 	switch plan["mode"] {
 	case "inventory":
-		rep = WrapperReport{Mode: "inventory", Pending: f.pending, HealthAfter: healthy,
+		rep = WrapperReport{Mode: "inventory", Pending: f.pending, HealthBefore: ok, HealthAfter: ok,
 			Installed: []Package{{Name: "libc6", Version: "u3", Origin: "Debian"}}}
 	case "apply":
-		rep = f.applyRep
+		rep = f.applyRep[layer]
 		rep.Mode = "apply"
 		if rep.HealthBefore == nil {
-			rep.HealthBefore = healthy
+			rep.HealthBefore = ok
 		}
 		if rep.HealthAfter == nil {
-			rep.HealthAfter = healthy
+			rep.HealthAfter = ok
 		}
 	case "health":
-		if len(f.healthSeq) > 0 {
-			rep.Health, f.healthSeq = f.healthSeq[0], f.healthSeq[1:]
+		if seq := f.healthSeq[layer]; len(seq) > 0 {
+			rep.Health, f.healthSeq[layer] = seq[0], seq[1:]
 		} else {
-			rep.Health = healthy
+			rep.Health = ok
 		}
 	}
 	out, _ := json.Marshal(rep)
@@ -74,11 +89,21 @@ func (h *fakeHub) PostOSReport(_ context.Context, body []byte) error {
 	return nil
 }

+type fakeTunnel struct{ st string }
+
+func (t fakeTunnel) Status(context.Context) (string, string) { return t.st, "" }
+
 func newLeg(t *testing.T, w *fakeWrapper, blk *hub.WireOSUpdate) (*Leg, *fakeHub) {
 	h := &fakeHub{}
 	now := time.Date(2026, 10, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	if w.applyRep == nil {
+		w.applyRep = map[string]WrapperReport{}
+	}
+	if w.healthSeq == nil {
+		w.healthSeq = map[string][]*Health{}
+	}
 	l := &Leg{Runner: w, Hub: h, PlanDir: t.TempDir(), StatePath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "last"),
-		HealthWait: time.Minute, HealthPoll: 10 * time.Second,
+		HealthWait: time.Minute, HealthPoll: 10 * time.Second, Appliance: true, Tunnel: fakeTunnel{hub.TunnelRunning},
 		Now:   func() time.Time { return now },
 		Sleep: func(_ context.Context, d time.Duration) { now = now.Add(d) }}
 	if blk != nil {
@@ -93,66 +118,73 @@ var pend = []Pending{
 	{Name: "docker-ce", From: "29.7", To: "29.8", Origin: []string{"Docker CE"}},
 }

-func modes(w *fakeWrapper) string {
+func calls(w *fakeWrapper) string {
 	var m []string
 	for _, p := range w.plans {
-		m = append(m, p["mode"].(string))
+		m = append(m, p["layer"].(string)+":"+p["mode"].(string))
 	}
 	return strings.Join(m, ",")
 }

-// Ring 0 plans every pending FAST-LANE update (Docker excluded, `11` C3) and reports what it now runs.
-func TestRing0_PlansTheFastLaneOnly(t *testing.T) {
-	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: WrapperReport{Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6", Version: "u4"}, {Name: "openssl", Version: "u3"}}, Pending: pend[2:]}}
+// Ring 0: ONE wrapper call per layer (R-845), select pending-fast (the wrapper picks every Debian / Debian-Security
+// upgrade), from live sources; the guest step first, then the host step.
+func TestRing0_OneCallPerLayer(t *testing.T) {
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{
+		LayerGuest: {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6", Version: "u4"}, {Name: "openssl", Version: "u3"}}, Pending: pend[2:]},
+		LayerHost:  {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "openssl", Version: "u3"}}},
+	}}
 	l, h := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
-	rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
-	if rep.Outcome != "applied" || !rep.Healthy {
-		t.Fatalf("rep = %+v", rep)
+	g, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if g.Outcome != "applied" || !g.Healthy || ho.Outcome != "applied" || !ho.Healthy {
+		t.Fatalf("guest %+v\nhost %+v", g, ho)
 	}
-	pk := w.plans[1]["packages"].([]any)
-	if len(pk) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("ring-0 plan = %v, want libc6 + openssl only", pk)
+	if calls(w) != "guest:apply,host:apply" {
+		t.Fatalf("calls = %s, want one apply per layer, guest first", calls(w))
 	}
-	if o := pk[1].(map[string]any)["origin"]; o != "Debian-Security" {
-		t.Fatalf("openssl origin = %v", o)
+	for _, p := range w.plans {
+		if p["select"] != "pending-fast" || p["snapshot"] != "" || len(p["packages"].([]any)) != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("ring-0 plan = %v", p)
+		}
 	}
-	if w.plans[1]["snapshot"] != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("ring 0 installs from live sources, snapshot = %v", w.plans[1]["snapshot"])
+	if len(g.NotCovered) != 1 || g.NotCovered[0] != "docker-ce" {
+		t.Fatalf("not covered = %v", g.NotCovered)
 	}
-	if len(rep.NotCovered) != 1 || rep.NotCovered[0] != "docker-ce" {
-		t.Fatalf("not covered = %v", rep.NotCovered)
-	}
-	if len(h.reports) != 1 || h.reports[0].Outcome != "applied" {
+	if len(h.reports) != 2 || h.reports[0].Layer != LayerGuest || h.reports[1].Layer != LayerHost {
 		t.Fatalf("hub got %+v", h.reports)
 	}
 }

-// Ring 1 installs EXACTLY the approved release (its versions, its snapshot), nothing it computed itself.
-func TestRing1_InstallsExactlyTheRelease(t *testing.T) {
-	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: WrapperReport{Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6", Version: "u4-approved"}}, Pending: pend[1:]}}
-	rel := &hub.WireOSRelease{ID: "os-1", Snapshot: "20261004T080000Z", Packages: []hub.WireOSPackage{{Name: "libc6", Version: "u4-approved", Origin: "Debian"}}}
-	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 1, Enabled: true, Release: rel})
-	rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
-	if rep.Outcome != "applied" || rep.ReleaseID != "os-1" {
-		t.Fatalf("rep = %+v", rep)
+// Ring 1 installs EXACTLY each layer's own approved release (a guest release is not a host release).
+func TestRing1_EachLayerItsOwnRelease(t *testing.T) {
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{
+		LayerGuest: {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6", Version: "g-u4"}}, Pending: pend[1:]},
+		LayerHost:  {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "openssl", Version: "h-u3"}}},
+	}}
+	gr := &hub.WireOSRelease{ID: "os-g", Snapshot: "20261004T080000Z", Packages: []hub.WireOSPackage{{Name: "libc6", Version: "g-u4", Origin: "Debian"}}}
+	hr := &hub.WireOSRelease{ID: "os-h", Snapshot: "20261004T090000Z", Packages: []hub.WireOSPackage{{Name: "openssl", Version: "h-u3", Origin: "Debian-Security"}}}
+	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 1, Enabled: true, Release: gr, HostRelease: hr})
+	g, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if g.ReleaseID != "os-g" || ho.ReleaseID != "os-h" {
+		t.Fatalf("release ids %q %q", g.ReleaseID, ho.ReleaseID)
 	}
-	ap := w.plans[1]
-	pk := ap["packages"].([]any)
-	if len(pk) != 1 || pk[0].(map[string]any)["version"] != "u4-approved" || ap["snapshot"] != "20261004T080000Z" || ap["release_id"] != "os-1" {
-		t.Fatalf("ring-1 plan = %v", ap)
+	gp, hp := w.plans[0], w.plans[1]
+	if gp["snapshot"] != "20261004T080000Z" || gp["packages"].([]any)[0].(map[string]any)["version"] != "g-u4" {
+		t.Fatalf("guest plan %v", gp)
 	}
-	// openssl is pending and fast-lane but NOT in the release → not covered; docker-ce is never covered.
-	if strings.Join(rep.NotCovered, ",") != "openssl,docker-ce" {
-		t.Fatalf("not covered = %v", rep.NotCovered)
+	if hp["layer"] != LayerHost || hp["snapshot"] != "20261004T090000Z" || hp["packages"].([]any)[0].(map[string]any)["name"] != "openssl" {
+		t.Fatalf("host plan %v", hp)
+	}
+	if strings.Join(g.NotCovered, ",") != "openssl,docker-ce" {
+		t.Fatalf("guest not covered = %v", g.NotCovered)
 	}
 }

-func TestRing1_NoReleaseInstallsNothing(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRing1_NoReleaseIsInventory(t *testing.T) {
 	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend}
 	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 1, Enabled: true})
-	rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
-	if rep.Outcome != "nothing" || modes(w) != "inventory" {
-		t.Fatalf("rep=%+v modes=%s", rep, modes(w))
+	g, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if g.Outcome != "nothing" || ho.Outcome != "nothing" || calls(w) != "guest:inventory,host:inventory" {
+		t.Fatalf("g=%+v h=%+v calls=%s", g, ho, calls(w))
 	}
 }

@@ -160,31 +192,53 @@ func TestRing1_NoReleaseInstallsNothing(t *testing.T) {
 func TestNoBlock_IsRing1Nothing(t *testing.T) {
 	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend}
 	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, nil)
-	if rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night"); rep.Outcome != "nothing" || rep.Ring != 1 || modes(w) != "inventory" {
-		t.Fatalf("rep=%+v modes=%s", rep, modes(w))
+	if g, _ := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night"); g.Outcome != "nothing" || g.Ring != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("g=%+v calls=%s", g, calls(w))
 	}
 }

-// Switched OFF: the box reports but installs nothing (the brief, Part D 2).
+// Switched OFF: the box reports but installs nothing, on both layers.
 func TestSwitchOff_ReportsOnly(t *testing.T) {
 	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend}
 	l, h := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: false})
-	rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
-	if rep.Outcome != "inventory" || modes(w) != "inventory" || len(h.reports) != 1 || len(rep.Pending) != 3 {
-		t.Fatalf("rep=%+v modes=%s", rep, modes(w))
+	g, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if g.Outcome != "inventory" || ho.Outcome != "inventory" || calls(w) != "guest:inventory,host:inventory" || len(h.reports) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("g=%+v h=%+v calls=%s", g, ho, calls(w))
 	}
 }

-// Unhealthy after the run, and still unhealthy at the end of the wait → health_failed (the hub mails the operator).
+// Not an appliance (BYO, `11` §1): the host step never runs — no host plan at all.
+func TestBYO_NoHostPlan(t *testing.T) {
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{LayerGuest: {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}}}}}
+	l, h := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
+	l.Appliance = false
+	_, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if ho.Outcome != "" || calls(w) != "guest:apply" || len(h.reports) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("a BYO box got a host step: host=%+v calls=%s", ho, calls(w))
+	}
+}
+
+// A failed guest step skips the host step that night.
+func TestGuestFailure_SkipsTheHost(t *testing.T) {
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{
+		LayerGuest: {Refused: json.RawMessage(`{"code":"R6","reason":"x"}`)}}}
+	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
+	g, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if g.Outcome != "refused" || ho.Outcome != "" || calls(w) != "guest:apply" {
+		t.Fatalf("g=%+v h=%+v calls=%s", g, ho, calls(w))
+	}
+}
+
+// Unhealthy after the run, and still unhealthy at the end of the wait → health_failed; the host step is skipped.
 func TestHealth_FailsAfterTheWait(t *testing.T) {
 	bad := &Health{DockerOK: true, NetworkOK: true, Controller: "healthy", Containers: map[string]Container{
 		"felhom-controller": {State: "running", Health: "healthy"}, "app": {State: "exited"}}}
-	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: WrapperReport{Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}}, HealthAfter: bad},
-		healthSeq: []*Health{bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad}}
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{LayerGuest: {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}}, HealthAfter: bad}},
+		healthSeq: map[string][]*Health{LayerGuest: {bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad}}}
 	l, h := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
-	rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
-	if rep.Outcome != "health_failed" || rep.Healthy || !strings.Contains(rep.HealthReason, "app was running") {
-		t.Fatalf("rep = %+v", rep)
+	g, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if g.Outcome != "health_failed" || g.Healthy || !strings.Contains(g.HealthReason, "app was running") || ho.Outcome != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("g=%+v h=%+v", g, ho)
 	}
 	if h.reports[0].Outcome != "health_failed" {
 		t.Fatal("the hub was not told")
@@ -194,11 +248,22 @@ func TestHealth_FailsAfterTheWait(t *testing.T) {
 // A service that takes a moment to come back is not a failure: the poll sees it recover inside the wait.
 func TestHealth_RecoversInsideTheWait(t *testing.T) {
 	starting := &Health{DockerOK: true, NetworkOK: true, Controller: "starting"}
-	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: WrapperReport{Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}}, HealthAfter: starting},
-		healthSeq: []*Health{starting}}
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{LayerGuest: {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}}, HealthAfter: starting}},
+		healthSeq: map[string][]*Health{LayerGuest: {starting}}}
 	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
-	if rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night"); rep.Outcome != "applied" || !rep.Healthy {
-		t.Fatalf("rep = %+v", rep)
+	if g, _ := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night"); g.Outcome != "applied" || !g.Healthy {
+		t.Fatalf("g = %+v", g)
+	}
+}
+
+// The host step judged unhealthy when the tunnel is down after it.
+func TestHost_TunnelDownFailsTheHostStep(t *testing.T) {
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{LayerHost: {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "openssl"}}}}}
+	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
+	l.Tunnel = fakeTunnel{hub.TunnelNotRunning}
+	_, ho := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	if ho.Outcome != "health_failed" || !strings.Contains(ho.HealthReason, "tunnel") {
+		t.Fatalf("host = %+v", ho)
 	}
 }

@@ -227,24 +292,49 @@ func TestHealthVerdict(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestOncePerNight(t *testing.T) {
-	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: WrapperReport{Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}}}}
-	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
-	l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
-	n := len(w.plans)
-	if rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night"); rep.Outcome != "skipped" || len(w.plans) != n {
-		t.Fatalf("a second night run in the same night ran: %+v", rep)
+// The host rule: every listed daemon active, the guest running and passing its own rule, the tunnel running.
+// Red-proofs: drop any one check and its case fails.
+func TestHostHealthVerdict(t *testing.T) {
+	no := false
+	svcDown := hostOK()
+	svcDown.HostServices["pveproxy"] = "failed"
+	guestDown := hostOK()
+	guestDown.GuestRunning = &no
+	guestApp := hostOK()
+	guestApp.Guest = &Health{DockerOK: true, NetworkOK: true, Controller: "healthy", Containers: map[string]Container{"felhom-controller": {State: "running", Health: "healthy"}}}
+	cases := []struct {
+		name   string
+		after  *Health
+		tunnel string
+		want   bool
+		why    string
+	}{
+		{"all good", hostOK(), hub.TunnelRunning, true, ""},
+		{"a daemon down", svcDown, hub.TunnelRunning, false, "pveproxy"},
+		{"the guest stopped", guestDown, hub.TunnelRunning, false, "guest is not running"},
+		{"an app in the guest gone", guestApp, hub.TunnelRunning, false, "app was running"},
+		{"the tunnel down", hostOK(), hub.TunnelNotRunning, false, "tunnel"},
+		{"the tunnel unknown", hostOK(), hub.TunnelUnknown, false, "tunnel"},
+		{"no services read", &Health{GuestRunning: yes(), Guest: guestOK()}, hub.TunnelRunning, false, "no host service"},
 	}
-	if rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "debug"); rep.Outcome == "skipped" {
-		t.Fatal("the debug action must not be throttled")
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		got, why := HostHealthVerdict(hostOK(), c.after, c.tunnel)
+		if got != c.want || !strings.Contains(why, c.why) {
+			t.Errorf("%s: got %v (%s), want %v (…%s…)", c.name, got, why, c.want, c.why)
+		}
 	}
 }

-func TestRefusedIsReported(t *testing.T) {
-	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: WrapperReport{Refused: json.RawMessage(`{"code":"R6","reason":"x"}`)}}
-	l, h := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
-	if rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night"); rep.Outcome != "refused" || h.reports[0].Outcome != "refused" {
-		t.Fatalf("rep = %+v", rep)
+func TestOncePerNight(t *testing.T) {
+	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: map[string]WrapperReport{LayerGuest: {Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}}}}}
+	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
+	l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
+	n := len(w.plans)
+	if g, _ := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night"); g.Outcome != "skipped" || len(w.plans) != n {
+		t.Fatalf("a second night run in the same night ran: %+v", g)
+	}
+	if g, _ := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "debug"); g.Outcome == "skipped" {
+		t.Fatal("the debug action must not be throttled")
 	}
 }

@@ -254,7 +344,7 @@ func TestWrapperSuite(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Skip("python3 not available")
 	}
-	cmd := exec.Command(py, "../../configs/test_felhom_os_apply.py")
+	cmd := exec.Command(py, "-B", "../../configs/test_felhom_os_apply.py")
 	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("wrapper suite failed: %v\n%s", err, out)
@@ -263,19 +353,3 @@ func TestWrapperSuite(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("wrapper suite did not report OK:\n%s", out)
 	}
 }
-
-// An app that stops BETWEEN the start of the leg and the apply's own "before" reading still fails the run.
-// Measured live 2026-10-04 on demo-hp (privatebin stopped 1 s after the apply plan was written: the old rule
-// passed). Red-proof: use ap.HealthBefore alone as the baseline and this fails.
-func TestHealth_BaselineIsTheStartOfTheLeg(t *testing.T) {
-	stoppedEarly := &Health{DockerOK: true, NetworkOK: true, Controller: "healthy", Containers: map[string]Container{
-		"felhom-controller": {State: "running", Health: "healthy"}, "app": {State: "exited"}}}
-	w := &fakeWrapper{t: t, pending: pend, applyRep: WrapperReport{Upgraded: []Package{{Name: "libc6"}},
-		HealthBefore: stoppedEarly, HealthAfter: stoppedEarly},
-		healthSeq: []*Health{stoppedEarly, stoppedEarly, stoppedEarly, stoppedEarly, stoppedEarly, stoppedEarly, stoppedEarly}}
-	l, _ := newLeg(t, w, &hub.WireOSUpdate{Ring: 0, Enabled: true})
-	rep := l.Run(context.Background(), 9201, "night")
-	if rep.Outcome != "health_failed" || !strings.Contains(rep.HealthReason, "app was running") {
-		t.Fatalf("an app that stopped during the run passed: %+v", rep)
-	}
-}
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
admin	cfba0d022a	contract: the desired-state golden gains host_release (byte-identical with hub v0.131.0); TestOSUpdateGolden_Decodes checks it gates / gates (push) Successful in 20s Details Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0159rPz1ZhFKsS53msqPYxtS	2026-10-04 13:18:43 +02:00
admin	c3d08b4821	OS updates host fast lane + true tunnel status + fast leg: wrapper host layer (R12 appliance proof from the root-owned install record, R14 kernel/boot/firmware refused), select pending-fast, one call per layer, host-side version checks, restart scan only after an install, reboot-needed for PID 1/lxc-start; the leg runs the host step after a healthy guest step; GuestTunnelProber reads the cloudflared container + its readiness check (R-841) gates / gates (push) Successful in 19s Details Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0159rPz1ZhFKsS53msqPYxtS	2026-10-04 12:54:02 +02:00
admin	a55eedcf2c	CHANGELOG + REPORT: v0.140.0 released (OS updates, guest fast lane) gates / gates (push) Successful in 18s Details Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0159rPz1ZhFKsS53msqPYxtS	2026-10-04 11:30:14 +02:00