# R-812 — what is left of OS updates: the Proxmox packages and the kernel — design proposal (burn-down night 2026-10-06, no code)

Baselines read: felhom-agent `74b5eae`, felhom.eu `8e2dc204`. Architecture: `11-os-updates.md` (§1, §3, §5.2, §5.5, §5.6,
§5.9, §7.1, §8). Related rows: R-836 (the kernel's fallback), R-808 (the intention, `ROADMAP.md`).

## 1. The problem
`11` §8 steps 1–5 are BUILT: the guest's Debian, the host's Debian, the fleet view, the Docker engine, the root files
(R-840, closed). Step 6 is not: **the host's Proxmox packages and its kernel are never updated on any box.** The host
fast lane takes only Debian-origin packages, so everything from the Proxmox repository waits for ever — including
packages with ordinary names (`zfsutils-linux`, `shim-signed`, `corosync`, `ceph-common`, `amd64-microcode`, `11` C3).

Measured tonight (read only; `apt list --upgradable`, `pveversion`, `dpkg -l`, `ls /boot`; no `apt update` — the package
lists are from 2026-10-05, the last daily refresh):
- **demo-hp:** `pve-manager` 9.2.2 → 9.2.21 pending; **77 packages pending, all from the Proxmox repository** (the Debian
  lane has taken the rest): `qemu-server` 9.1.15 → 9.2.10, `pve-container` 6.1.10 → 6.1.14, `proxmox-backup-client`
  4.2.0 → 4.2.7, `zfsutils-linux` 2.4.2 → 2.4.4, `shim-signed` 1.48 → 1.51, `pve-firmware`, `corosync`, `ceph-*`, `frr`,
  `amd64-microcode`, `libpve-*`. Kernel: runs 7.0.14-20 (installed BY HAND in the 2026-10-04 spike), 7.0.2-6 kept.
- **demo-felhom:** `pve-manager` 9.2.2; **78 pending**; runs kernel **7.0.2-6, the install-time kernel** — 7.0.14-20 is in
  the repository and not installed.
- So a box keeps its install-time Proxmox and kernel. Proxmox security fixes (for example in `pve-manager`'s web API, in
  `qemu-server`, in the Secure Boot loader `shim-signed`) never arrive. The spike counted 79 Proxmox packages "not
  covered" on the host (`11` §7.1).

## 2. What the code does today (read in source)
- The fast-lane origin rule: `felhom-agent/configs/felhom-os-apply:63` `FAST_ORIGINS = ("Debian", "Debian-Security")`;
  a plan package of any other origin is refused **R2** (`:491-492`, and in the simulation `:1164` `origin_ok`).
- The host's name rule on top: `:91-92` `HOST_SLOW_RE` (`linux-*`, `proxmox-kernel*`, `pve-kernel*`, `pve-firmware`,
  `firmware-*`, `grub*`, `shim*`, `systemd-boot*`, `*-microcode`, `efibootmgr`) → refusal **R14** (`:493-494`, `:1234-1235`);
  the pending selection skips them (`:1136`).
- Layers and lanes: `:437-442` — `guest`/`host` are lane `fast` only; `docker` is the only `slow` layer. There is no
  host slow layer.
- Tests pinning this: `configs/test_felhom_os_apply.py:417` `test_R2_non_debian_origin_in_the_plan`, `:422`
  `test_R2_non_debian_origin_in_the_simulation`, `:584`/`:590` `test_R14_kernel_package_*`, `:639`
  `test_pending_fast_skips_proxmox_docker_and_kernel` (a pending `pve-manager` 9.2.21 from „Proxmox Debian Repository"
  is NOT taken).
- What a Proxmox step restarts (spike `partH/H5-proxmox-simulate.txt`, read from the maintainer scripts, not run):
  `pve-manager` → pvedaemon, pveproxy, pvescheduler, pvestatd, spiceproxy; `pve-cluster` → pmxcfs (`/etc/pve` gone for
  seconds — the agent's API calls fail meanwhile); `qemu-server`, `pve-firewall`, `pve-ha-*`, `corosync`, `chrony`,
  `zfs-zed`. **No guest is stopped by these scripts** (read, not measured). One new package (`proxmox-firewall-data`).
- The kernel (`11` §5.6, R-836, measured on demo-hp with the operator's word): installing a kernel makes it the GRUB
  default at once; `--next-boot` and `grub-reboot` are NOT one-shots here (`/boot` is ext4 on LVM; GRUB cannot write its
  env block); a kernel that hangs before userspace stays the default on every power cycle. `sp5100_tco` exists on
  demo-hp, blacklisted, never armed. demo-felhom (Intel N100) has no watchdog measured.

## 3. Options
**A. A host slow lane for the Proxmox USERSPACE packages, no kernel, no reboot.**
- What: a new layer `pve` (lane `slow`) in the wrapper: origin „Proxmox Debian Repository" only, still never a name in
  `HOST_SLOW_RE` (kernel, boot, firmware, microcode stay out), no removals, no new package except a named allow-list (the
  `proxmox-firewall-data` kind). Approval like the Docker engine set (`11` §5.8): the operator approves one SET per box
  generation on the System page after ring 0 ran it; ring 1 only by signed job. Runs in the night leg after the host
  Debian step, under the same heavy-op gate. Health = the host rule (`HostHealthVerdict`) + `pveversion` reports the
  new version.
- Cost: wrapper layer + refusals + tests; hub candidate/approval/System page (copies the Docker set's code); ~1.5 days.
- Can go wrong: pmxcfs restart while the agent writes `/etc/pve` (the gate already excludes backups/restore-tests; the
  agent's own reconcile must wait too); a Proxmox point release that needs a newer kernel (`proxmox-ve` depends on
  `proxmox-default-kernel` — the plan must not pull the kernel in: the simulation refusal R14 already catches it);
  undo is only „install the previous version" (Proxmox keeps 30–66 versions, `11` C2 — good).
- Brings the 77–78 pending packages, minus the boot-chain ones, to every box. Leaves `shim-signed`, `pve-firmware`,
  microcode and the kernel out.

**B. The kernel lane, with a fallback that works on these hosts — measured first.**
- What: install the kernel (plus `shim-signed`, `pve-firmware`, microcode, which also only act at boot), keep the old
  one as the permanent default, boot the new one ONCE, and make it the default only from userspace after a healthy boot.
  The one-shot needs one of: (1) **UEFI `BootNext`** with a second boot entry whose GRUB config defaults to the new kernel
  — the firmware clears BootNext itself on use, so a hang falls back on the next power cycle; (2) a GRUB env block on
  the ESP (vfat, writable by GRUB); (3) arming a hardware watchdog early (`sp5100_tco` on demo-hp) so a hang power-cycles
  into the old default. None is measured.
- Cost: a spike with ≥4 reboots per box on both demo hosts (Secure Boot ON on demo-hp, OFF on demo-felhom; AMD vs Intel),
  then the lane: ~3–5 days. Every customer box restarts all its apps once per kernel (≈1–2 min at night).
- Can go wrong: firmware that ignores `BootNext` (seen on consumer boards); Secure Boot refusing a second entry; a
  hang with no watchdog still needs a person — it is a dead box at a household. Telling households that the box may
  restart at night is a **promise to users** (`11` §5.7) — the operator's.

**C. The kernel only by an operator-present maintenance step.**
- What: no automatic kernel lane. The System page shows „kernel behind / reboot needed"; the operator runs the step per
  box by a signed job at a time they choose, ready to power-cycle (or ask the household to).
- Cost: small (a signed job and a runbook), but a person per box per kernel; does not scale past a handful of boxes.
- Can go wrong: kernels are never installed because nobody schedules them — the state today with a button.

## 4. The pick — PROPOSAL for the operator, not a decision
**A now, C for the kernel until B is measured.** A closes the biggest gap (78 Proxmox packages, the web API and
qemu/lxc tooling) with no reboot and the same approval shape the operator already uses for Docker. The kernel stays a
separate, operator-scheduled act (C) until R-836's fallback is measured on both demo hosts; then B replaces C.

**R-812 should split.** Close R-812 (P2) when A ships to ring 0 and ring 1, with R-836 (kernel fallback, P3) carrying
the kernel. The kernel's urgency then becomes its own question: a P2 row „kernel security fixes reach a box" only if the
operator wants it before the first paying customer (question 2).

## 5. First slice and its proof
- Build: wrapper layer `pve` lane `slow` — origin „Proxmox Debian Repository" only; R14 still applies; R2 for any other
  origin; refusal for a removal or an unlisted new package; appliance only (R12's root-owned install record).
- Red test first (must FAIL on today's code): a host plan with `pve-manager 9.2.21` origin „Proxmox Debian Repository",
  layer `pve`, lane `slow` → today refused R12 („layer is not guest, host or docker"); after: installed. Companion
  tests that must stay refused: the same plan carrying `proxmox-kernel-7.0` (R14) or `shim-signed` (R14); a Debian
  package in a `pve` plan (R2); `test_pending_fast_skips_proxmox_docker_and_kernel` unchanged.
- Live proof on **demo-felhom** (ring 0, Tier 0, its Proxmox is the install-time one): one approved set of the pending
  Proxmox packages, no kernel. Positive observable: `pveversion` reads 9.2.21; the host health rule passes; the guest
  kept running (container `StartedAt` unchanged). Control from a different channel: the hub's System page row for the
  box, and an app on the guest answering 200 every 5 s through the step. No reboot needed, so no operator word for a
  reboot; the operator's word is the approval click, as for Docker. Evidence off the box at the end.

## 6. Open questions for the operator
1. **May Proxmox's own packages (no kernel) update by night, after you approve each set on the System page, as the
   Docker engine does?** Pick: yes (option A). If you do nothing: every box keeps its install-time Proxmox; 78 packages
   behind on the demo boxes today, and growing.
2. **Must kernel security fixes reach customer boxes before the first paying customer?** If yes, B is a ~1-week arc with
   reboots on both demo boxes (your word before each). Pick: no — the kernel by your hand (C) until B is measured. If you
   do nothing: kernels stay at the install-time version; a kernel hole stays open until you run the step by hand.