# ============================================================================
# postgresql-1 logical backup — 6-hourly pg_dump to HDD5 (rides Restic)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The shared CNPG cluster `postgresql` (database-system, single instance) had no
# backup. This CronJob does a LOGICAL backup every 6h:
#   - pg_dumpall --globals-only -> globals.sql  (roles/grants; needed for restore)
#   - pg_dump -Fc per database  -> <db>.dump    (custom format; selective restore)
# written to hostPath /mnt/5_hdd/backup/postgresql/dumps/<timestamp>/ (HDD5, OFF
# the DB's own HDD4 disk). The host backup flow (/opt/backup, backup-postgresql.sh)
# then restic-backs-up that dir in its daily run (7d/4w/6m retention). Local
# retention here = 3 days. RPO <=6h, no PITR (accepted).
#
# Auth: connects to postgresql-rw as the CNPG-managed superuser (secret
# `postgres-superuser`, keys username/password). Requires enableSuperuserAccess:
# true on the Cluster (set in postgresql-cluster.yaml). The superuser is the only
# role that can read every DB + dump globals; per-app roles cannot.
#
# Freshness alert: kube_cronjob_status_last_successful_time (KSM) — see
# mon-system/prometheus-rules.yaml (PostgresqlDumpStale, >12h).
# ============================================================================
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: postgresql-backup-script
  namespace: database-system
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: postgresql-backup
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: postgresql-backup
data:
  pg-backup.sh: |
    #!/usr/bin/env bash
    set -euo pipefail
    export PGHOST="${PGHOST:-postgresql-rw}" PGPORT="${PGPORT:-5432}"
    TS="$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"
    OUT="/backup/dumps/${TS}"
    mkdir -p "${OUT}"
    echo "[pgbackup] ${TS} -> ${OUT}"

    echo "[pgbackup] globals (roles/grants)"
    pg_dumpall --globals-only > "${OUT}/globals.sql"

    mapfile -t DBS < <(psql -tAc \
      "SELECT datname FROM pg_database WHERE NOT datistemplate AND datallowconn ORDER BY 1;")
    echo "[pgbackup] databases: ${DBS[*]}"
    for db in "${DBS[@]}"; do
      echo "[pgbackup] pg_dump -Fc ${db}"
      pg_dump -Fc -d "${db}" -f "${OUT}/${db}.dump"
    done

    touch "${OUT}/SUCCESS"
    echo "[pgbackup] pruning local dumps older than 3 days"
    find /backup/dumps -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d -mtime +3 -exec rm -rf {} + || true
    echo "[pgbackup] done"
    ls -lh "${OUT}"
---
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
  name: postgresql-backup
  namespace: database-system
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: postgresql-backup
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: postgresql-backup
spec:
  schedule: "0 */6 * * *"
  timeZone: "Europe/Budapest"
  concurrencyPolicy: Forbid
  successfulJobsHistoryLimit: 3
  failedJobsHistoryLimit: 3
  startingDeadlineSeconds: 600
  jobTemplate:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: postgresql-backup
        app.kubernetes.io/instance: postgresql-backup
    spec:
      backoffLimit: 2
      activeDeadlineSeconds: 1800
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app.kubernetes.io/name: postgresql-backup
            app.kubernetes.io/instance: postgresql-backup
          annotations:
            # postgres image is pinned to the CNPG cluster's version (X.Y)
            match-regex.version-checker.io/pgbackup: '^\d+\.\d+$'
        spec:
          enableServiceLinks: false
          restartPolicy: OnFailure
          securityContext:
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 26
            runAsGroup: 26
            fsGroup: 26
          containers:
            - name: pgbackup
              # MUST match the CNPG cluster's Postgres version (pg_dump >= server).
              image: ghcr.io/cloudnative-pg/postgresql:17.2
              imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
              command: ["/bin/bash", "/scripts/pg-backup.sh"]
              env:
                - name: PGHOST
                  value: postgresql-rw
                - name: PGPORT
                  value: "5432"
                - name: PGUSER
                  valueFrom:
                    secretKeyRef:
                      name: postgresql-superuser
                      key: username
                - name: PGPASSWORD
                  valueFrom:
                    secretKeyRef:
                      name: postgresql-superuser
                      key: password
                - name: HOME
                  value: /tmp
              resources:
                requests:
                  cpu: 100m
                  memory: 128Mi
                limits:
                  cpu: "1"
                  memory: 512Mi
              securityContext:
                allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
                readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
                capabilities:
                  drop:
                    - ALL
              volumeMounts:
                - name: script
                  mountPath: /scripts
                  readOnly: true
                - name: backup
                  mountPath: /backup
                - name: tmp
                  mountPath: /tmp
          volumes:
            - name: script
              configMap:
                name: postgresql-backup-script
                defaultMode: 0755
            - name: backup
              hostPath:
                path: /mnt/5_hdd/backup/postgresql
                type: Directory
            - name: tmp
              emptyDir:
                sizeLimit: 256Mi