From c00fed6db31ebff0f539128afe6c17f9f7e83b31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: kisfenyo <nagyfenyvesi.viktor@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 17 Sep 2026 20:58:45 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] R-553: four decisions stop reading their own Hungarian words
 (sites 1-4)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Every Hungarian sentence is byte-identical; each decision now reads a signal set where the message is
made. util.KindErrorf builds the same bytes fmt.Errorf did while carrying a sentinel for errors.Is.

- Deploy status (api/router.go): deployStatusFor() by kind — stacks.ErrAlreadyDeployed (409),
  ErrRequiredField / ErrPathMissing / ErrNotEnoughMemory (400). The „kötelező" / „memória" /
  "does not exist" / "already deployed" text chain is gone.
- Off-site failure class (backup/offbox.go): ErrOffsiteQuota replaces the „tárhelykeretet" match. The
  restic/ssh signatures stay text matches on purpose — that output is not ours and is not translated.
- Alert placement (web/alerts.go): monitor.HealthReport carries WarningKinds parallel to Warnings;
  the "not on a separate drive" warning is inline by KIND. The hub report is untouched (builder.go
  copies Status/Issues/Warnings only) — pinned by a wire test.
- Stale off-site note (web/handlers.go): settings LastWarningKind + backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected.
  The text test survives ONLY for kind == "" (a box whose last run predates 0.251.0) and is removed
  when R-570 closes; slice 2 must not translate that producer before then.

Tests (all red-proofed by restoring the pre-fix predicate — see the audit's redproofs.txt):
TestR553_Deploy_DecisionSurvivesWordingChange, TestR553_DeployHandlerUsesTheKind,
TestR553_DeployProducersCarryKindAndKeepTheirWords (through the real DeployStack),
TestR553_OffsiteQuota_{Decision,HeadLine}SurvivesWordingChange, TestR553_OffboxRunRecordsTheKind,
TestR553_StorageWarningsCarryKindsAndKeepTheirWords, TestR553_DiskWarningPlacementSurvivesWordingChange,
TestR553_HubReportWarningsAreUnchangedOnTheWire, TestR553_StaleNote*, TestR553_WarningKindIsPersistedAndCopied.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0159rPz1ZhFKsS53msqPYxtS
---
 REUSE.md                                      |  10 ++
 .../internal/api/r553_deploy_status_test.go   |  83 +++++++++++
 controller/internal/api/router.go             |  29 +++-
 controller/internal/backup/offbox.go          |  27 +++-
 .../internal/backup/offsite_diag_test.go      |   7 +-
 .../backup/r553_offsite_quota_test.go         | 101 +++++++++++++
 controller/internal/monitor/healthcheck.go    |  69 +++++++--
 .../monitor/r553_warning_kinds_test.go        |  74 ++++++++++
 controller/internal/settings/settings.go      |   9 +-
 controller/internal/stacks/deploy.go          |  16 +-
 controller/internal/stacks/deploy_errors.go   |  21 +++
 .../stacks/r553_deploy_error_kinds_test.go    | 137 ++++++++++++++++++
 controller/internal/util/errkind.go           |  36 +++++
 controller/internal/web/alerts.go             |  12 +-
 controller/internal/web/handlers.go           |  25 +++-
 controller/internal/web/offbox_handlers.go    |   2 +-
 .../web/offbox_warning_display_test.go        |  15 +-
 .../internal/web/r553_alert_placement_test.go | 105 ++++++++++++++
 .../internal/web/r553_stale_note_test.go      |  93 ++++++++++++
 19 files changed, 816 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/api/r553_deploy_status_test.go
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/backup/r553_offsite_quota_test.go
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/monitor/r553_warning_kinds_test.go
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/stacks/deploy_errors.go
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/stacks/r553_deploy_error_kinds_test.go
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/util/errkind.go
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/web/r553_alert_placement_test.go
 create mode 100644 controller/internal/web/r553_stale_note_test.go

diff --git a/REUSE.md b/REUSE.md
index 6654667..7c5f174 100644
--- a/REUSE.md
+++ b/REUSE.md
@@ -37,6 +37,16 @@
 | `parseWWWAuthenticate` + `fetchAnonymousToken` | controller/internal/selfupdate/updater.go | Bearer-challenge parse + anonymous Docker v2 token | Any credential-free registry API access | realm comes FROM THE HEADER (never hardcode a token URL); denial = errAnonymousDenied, never "credentials missing" |
 | `Syncer.runGit` / `runGitInDir` | controller/internal/sync/sync.go | `(args...) error` | git CLI ops | Credentials masked in logs via `maskRepoURL` |
 
+### Error kinds — never branch on a customer-facing sentence (R-553)
+
+| Symbol | File | Short signature | Use for | Gotchas |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| `util.KindErrorf` / `util.KindError` | controller/internal/util/errkind.go | `(kind error, format string, a ...interface{}) error` | ANY refusal a caller must tell apart: build the message exactly as `fmt.Errorf` would AND carry a sentinel for `errors.Is` | The message bytes are unchanged (pinned by tests); never `fmt.Errorf("%w: …")`, which would prepend the sentinel's own text to the customer's sentence |
+| `stacks.ErrAlreadyDeployed` / `ErrRequiredField` / `ErrPathMissing` / `ErrNotEnoughMemory` | controller/internal/stacks/deploy_errors.go | sentinels | the API's deploy status code (`api.deployStatusFor`) | 409 / 400 / 400 / 400. Do NOT add a text signature beside them |
+| `backup.ErrOffsiteQuota` | controller/internal/backup/offbox.go | sentinel | `ClassifyOffsiteFailure` telling a quota over-run apart | The other arms of that switch stay TEXT matches on purpose — they are restic's and ssh's own English output, which we neither write nor translate |
+| `monitor.WarnKind*` + `HealthReport.addWarning` / `WarningKindAt` | controller/internal/monitor/healthcheck.go | `(text, kind string)` | a health warning whose PLACEMENT the dashboard decides | Internal only: `internal/report/builder.go` copies Status/Issues/Warnings, so kinds never reach the hub (pinned) |
+| `settings.OffboxTarget.LastWarningKind` + `backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected` | controller/internal/settings/settings.go | persisted string | the Távoli mentés page's stale-note substitution | Written and cleared with `LastWarning`; the text fallback in `offboxWarningDisplay` is LEGACY only (kind == "") and is removed when R-570 closes |
+
 ### HTTP/JSON envelopes + flash messages
 
 | Symbol | File | Short signature | Use for | Gotchas |
diff --git a/controller/internal/api/r553_deploy_status_test.go b/controller/internal/api/r553_deploy_status_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b88646f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/api/r553_deploy_status_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/stacks"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/util"
+)
+
+// R-553 — the deploy endpoint's status code must survive the day its Hungarian words are translated.
+//
+// Until v0.251.0 the handler read the refusal's TEXT: „kötelező", „memória", "does not exist",
+// "already deployed". Localisation slice 2 translates exactly those words, and every empty required
+// field would then answer 500 instead of 400 — a server error for something the customer can fix.
+//
+// The table below therefore passes messages that are ALREADY translated: the words are gone, only the
+// kind remains. RED-PROOF (REPORT): restore the strings.Contains chain in deployStack and this fails
+// on every translated row.
+func TestR553_Deploy_DecisionSurvivesWordingChange(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want int
+	}{
+		{"required field, Hungarian as shipped", util.KindErrorf(stacks.ErrRequiredField,
+			"a(z) %q (%s) mező kitöltése kötelező", "Jelszó", "PASSWORD"), http.StatusBadRequest},
+		{"required field, TRANSLATED", util.KindErrorf(stacks.ErrRequiredField,
+			"the %q (%s) field is required", "Password", "PASSWORD"), http.StatusBadRequest},
+		{"password field, TRANSLATED", util.KindErrorf(stacks.ErrRequiredField,
+			"fill in the %q field — use the Generate button", "Password"), http.StatusBadRequest},
+		{"path missing, TRANSLATED", util.KindErrorf(stacks.ErrPathMissing,
+			"a mappa %q nem létezik (%q mező)", "/mnt/nope", "Adatok"), http.StatusBadRequest},
+		{"not enough memory, Hungarian as shipped", util.KindError(stacks.ErrNotEnoughMemory,
+			"Nincs elég memória az alkalmazás telepítéséhez. Szükséges: 512 MB, Elérhető: 100 MB"), http.StatusBadRequest},
+		{"not enough memory, TRANSLATED", util.KindError(stacks.ErrNotEnoughMemory,
+			"Not enough memory to install this app. Needed: 512 MB, available: 100 MB"), http.StatusBadRequest},
+		{"already deployed, TRANSLATED", util.KindErrorf(stacks.ErrAlreadyDeployed,
+			"a(z) %q alkalmazás már telepítve van", "privatebin"), http.StatusConflict},
+		{"anything else is a server error", errors.New("compose exploded"), http.StatusInternalServerError},
+		{"a message that merely CONTAINS the old words is not a refusal kind",
+			errors.New("docker: kötelező memória does not exist"), http.StatusInternalServerError},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := deployStatusFor(c.err); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("%s: deployStatusFor(%q) = %d, want %d", c.name, c.err.Error(), got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// The seam has to be WIRED, not merely present: the handler must call deployStatusFor, and no
+// decision in the deploy handler may read the error's text again (seam-built-but-never-wired, four
+// instances in this repo).
+func TestR553_DeployHandlerUsesTheKind(t *testing.T) {
+	src, err := os.ReadFile("router.go")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	body := string(src)
+	i := strings.Index(body, "func (r *Router) deployStack(")
+	if i < 0 {
+		t.Fatal("deployStack handler not found — this test no longer reads what it thinks it reads")
+	}
+	handler := body[i:]
+	if j := strings.Index(handler[10:], "\nfunc "); j > 0 {
+		handler = handler[:j+10]
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(handler, "deployStatusFor(err)") {
+		t.Error("the deploy handler no longer asks deployStatusFor for the status code")
+	}
+	// Comments may still NAME those words (this one does); a DECISION may not read them.
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(handler, "\n") {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(strings.TrimSpace(line), "//") {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(line, "strings.Contains(err.Error()") {
+			t.Errorf("the deploy handler decides by reading the error text again (R-553): %s", strings.TrimSpace(line))
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/controller/internal/api/router.go b/controller/internal/api/router.go
index 9e878cf..bd4c738 100644
--- a/controller/internal/api/router.go
+++ b/controller/internal/api/router.go
@@ -398,6 +398,25 @@ func (r *Router) getDeployFields(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request, name st
 	writeJSON(w, http.StatusOK, apiResponse{OK: true, Data: data})
 }
 
+// deployStatusFor maps a deploy refusal to its HTTP status by the refusal's KIND (R-553).
+//
+// It used to read the customer's Hungarian sentence — `strings.Contains(err.Error(), "kötelező")`,
+// „memória", plus the English "does not exist" / "already deployed". Localisation slice 2 translates
+// exactly those words, and on that day every validation refusal would have become a 500: the customer
+// sees a server error for a field they simply left empty, and the API contract changes silently.
+// The sentences are untouched; the kinds come from internal/stacks (deploy_errors.go).
+// Pinned by TestR553_Deploy_DecisionSurvivesWordingChange.
+func deployStatusFor(err error) int {
+	switch {
+	case errors.Is(err, stacks.ErrAlreadyDeployed):
+		return http.StatusConflict
+	case errors.Is(err, stacks.ErrRequiredField), errors.Is(err, stacks.ErrPathMissing),
+		errors.Is(err, stacks.ErrNotEnoughMemory):
+		return http.StatusBadRequest
+	}
+	return http.StatusInternalServerError
+}
+
 func (r *Router) deployStack(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, name string) {
 	limitBody(w, req)
 	r.logger.Printf("[INFO] [api] Deploy requested for stack: %s", name)
@@ -471,14 +490,8 @@ func (r *Router) deployStack(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, name stri
 	warning, err := r.stackMgr.DeployStack(deployReq)
 	if err != nil {
 		r.logger.Printf("[ERROR] [api] Deploy failed for %s: %v", name, err)
-		status := http.StatusInternalServerError
-		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "already deployed") {
-			status = http.StatusConflict
-		}
-		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "required field") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "does not exist") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "kötelező") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "memória") {
-			status = http.StatusBadRequest
-		}
-		writeJSON(w, status, apiResponse{OK: false, Error: err.Error()})
+		// R-553 — the status code comes from the refusal's KIND (deployStatusFor), never from its words.
+		writeJSON(w, deployStatusFor(err), apiResponse{OK: false, Error: err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
 
diff --git a/controller/internal/backup/offbox.go b/controller/internal/backup/offbox.go
index 789e25f..49361f6 100644
--- a/controller/internal/backup/offbox.go
+++ b/controller/internal/backup/offbox.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/settings"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/util"
 )
 
 // Off-box (NAS) backup target — Part B. An ENCRYPTED restic repo reached over SFTP (no kernel mount;
@@ -77,6 +78,15 @@ func (m *Manager) SetOffboxSSH(fn func(ctx context.Context, host, user string, p
 // the orphan card instead of the raw restic error.
 var ErrOffboxOrphaned = fmt.Errorf("offbox repo orphaned: exists but keyed under a previous, no-longer-available passphrase")
 
+// OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected is the kind of the zero-selection notice (R-553): the run succeeded but
+// nothing was selected to copy. The Távoli mentés page replaces that line once the household HAS
+// selected apps — it used to find it by searching the sentence for „nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás".
+const OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected = "no-apps-selected"
+
+// ErrOffsiteQuota marks a run refused because the repository is at or over its quota (R-553). The
+// customer's Hungarian sentence is unchanged; this sentinel is what ClassifyOffsiteFailure reads.
+var ErrOffsiteQuota = errors.New("offsite quota exceeded")
+
 // ErrOffboxRunInFlight is returned to the MANUAL caller only, when the single-flight dropped the
 // request because a run was already going (R-234). It is not a failure of anything — the run in
 // flight is doing the work — but it IS a request that did nothing, and the page must say so instead
@@ -181,10 +191,14 @@ func ClassifyOffsiteFailure(err error) OffsiteFailureClass {
 	if errors.Is(err, ErrOffboxOrphaned) {
 		return OffsiteFailOrphaned
 	}
+	// R-553 — the quota refusal is OURS, so it is told apart by its sentinel, not by the Hungarian
+	// word „tárhelykeretet" it happens to contain today. The signatures below stay text matches on
+	// purpose: they are restic's and ssh's own English output, which we neither write nor translate.
+	if errors.Is(err, ErrOffsiteQuota) {
+		return OffsiteFailQuota
+	}
 	s := strings.ToLower(err.Error())
 	switch {
-	case strings.Contains(s, "tárhelykeretet"):
-		return OffsiteFailQuota
 	case strings.Contains(s, "produced no snapshots"):
 		return OffsiteFailNoUnits
 	case strings.Contains(s, "unable to open config file"),
@@ -599,7 +613,7 @@ func (m *Manager) ApplyOffsiteTarget(ctx context.Context, tgt *settings.OffboxTa
 	if cur := m.settings.GetOffboxTarget(); cur != nil {
 		tgt.EscrowState = cur.EscrowState
 		tgt.LastRun, tgt.LastStatus, tgt.LastError = cur.LastRun, cur.LastStatus, cur.LastError
-		tgt.LastDuration, tgt.LastWarning = cur.LastDuration, cur.LastWarning
+		tgt.LastDuration, tgt.LastWarning, tgt.LastWarningKind = cur.LastDuration, cur.LastWarning, cur.LastWarningKind
 		// R-100: carry the staleness anchor across a hub re-apply, for the same reason as the rest of
 		// this block — a re-apply is not a new tier. Dropping it would reset an established tier to
 		// "never succeeded" every time the hub re-pushes the descriptor.
@@ -918,7 +932,7 @@ func (m *Manager) runOffboxBackup(ctx context.Context, withProgress bool) error
 		// run refuses.
 		m.offboxPruneOnly(ctx, base, env)
 		m.offboxRecordStats(ctx, base, env) // the prune may have brought the size back down — refresh
-		runErr = fmt.Errorf("A távoli mentés túllépte a tárhelykeretet (%d/%d GB) — törölj régi mentéseket vagy kérj nagyobb keretet.", usedGB, quota)
+		runErr = util.KindErrorf(ErrOffsiteQuota, "A távoli mentés túllépte a tárhelykeretet (%d/%d GB) — törölj régi mentéseket vagy kérj nagyobb keretet.", usedGB, quota)
 	} else {
 		// R-43/R-44 (v0.148.0) — THE COHERENCE PRE-PHASE. Refresh the DB/volume dumps and the recovery
 		// units BEFORE capturing, so the snapshot restic is about to write is an internally coherent
@@ -987,10 +1001,12 @@ func (m *Manager) runOffboxBackup(ctx context.Context, withProgress bool) error
 			o.LastStatus = "error"
 			o.LastError = ""
 			o.LastWarning = ""
+			o.LastWarningKind = ""
 		} else if runErr != nil {
 			o.LastStatus = "error"
 			o.LastError = runErr.Error()
 			o.LastWarning = ""
+			o.LastWarningKind = ""
 		} else {
 			// R-203 — THE VERDICT. A run that could not capture a directory the app declares MANDATORY
 			// is not a successful run. Until v0.197.0 it reported `ok` with a warning beside it, and a
@@ -1044,6 +1060,7 @@ func (m *Manager) runOffboxBackup(ctx context.Context, withProgress bool) error
 			o.StatsKnown = true              // R-225: measured, even if the answer is zero
 			o.EnlargedBlocked = blockedNames // replace each run (sorted); empty slice clears it
 			var warns []string
+			warnKind := ""
 			// Zero-toggle honesty (take-two obs.): a configured target with NOTHING selected reports
 			// its emptiness instead of a bare success — the customer thinks offsite runs, but nothing
 			// is covered until at least one app is toggled.
@@ -1051,6 +1068,7 @@ func (m *Manager) runOffboxBackup(ctx context.Context, withProgress bool) error
 			// must not be told "nothing is selected".
 			if len(apps) == 0 && !runResult.sharesBackedUp {
 				warns = append(warns, "Sikeres — nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás")
+				warnKind = OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected // R-553: the page reads this, not the sentence
 			}
 			// R-234 §7.4 — WHICH apps, WHY, and WHEN. The old sentence said only that N apps "had no
 			// available backup and were left out", which names a problem with no next step and reads
@@ -1093,6 +1111,7 @@ func (m *Manager) runOffboxBackup(ctx context.Context, withProgress bool) error
 				warns = append(warns, qw)
 			}
 			o.LastWarning = strings.Join(warns, " ")
+			o.LastWarningKind = warnKind
 		}
 	}); perr != nil {
 		m.logger.Printf("[WARN] [offbox] status persist (final) failed: %v", perr)
diff --git a/controller/internal/backup/offsite_diag_test.go b/controller/internal/backup/offsite_diag_test.go
index af82b82..fe2b510 100644
--- a/controller/internal/backup/offsite_diag_test.go
+++ b/controller/internal/backup/offsite_diag_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/settings"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/util"
 )
 
 // the real demo-hp target shape — the values the sanitiser must remove literally
@@ -31,7 +33,10 @@ func TestClassifyOffsiteFailure_EachCauseIsDistinct(t *testing.T) {
 		err  error
 		want OffsiteFailureClass
 	}{
-		{"quota gate", fmt.Errorf("A távoli mentés túllépte a tárhelykeretet (51/50 GB) — törölj régi mentéseket vagy kérj nagyobb keretet."), OffsiteFailQuota},
+		// R-553 (v0.251.0): the quota refusal is built with its KIND at the producer, exactly as the run
+		// builds it — the classifier no longer recognises this sentence by its Hungarian words, and that
+		// is the point (localisation slice 2 translates them).
+		{"quota gate", util.KindErrorf(ErrOffsiteQuota, "A távoli mentés túllépte a tárhelykeretet (51/50 GB) — törölj régi mentéseket vagy kérj nagyobb keretet."), OffsiteFailQuota},
 		{"orphaned repo", fmt.Errorf("probe: %w", ErrOffboxOrphaned), OffsiteFailOrphaned},
 		{"no repo", fmt.Errorf("restic: unable to open config file: Stat: file does not exist\nIs there a repository at the following location?"), OffsiteFailNoRepo},
 		{"no units", fmt.Errorf("off-box backup produced no snapshots: 3 app(s) toggled but no recovery unit was found on any connected drive (missing: a, b, c)"), OffsiteFailNoUnits},
diff --git a/controller/internal/backup/r553_offsite_quota_test.go b/controller/internal/backup/r553_offsite_quota_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc7c048
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/backup/r553_offsite_quota_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package backup
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/settings"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/util"
+)
+
+// R-553 — the off-site failure classifier must keep telling a quota over-run apart after the sentence
+// is translated. It used to look for the Hungarian word „tárhelykeretet" inside the error; slice 2
+// translates that sentence, and the customer would then be told the copy failed „ismeretlen okból"
+// — unknown cause — for the one failure with a clear, actionable cause.
+//
+// RED-PROOF (REPORT): put `case strings.Contains(s, "tárhelykeretet")` back and delete the
+// errors.Is arm → the translated row falls to OffsiteFailUnknown and this fails.
+func TestR553_OffsiteQuota_DecisionSurvivesWordingChange(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want OffsiteFailureClass
+	}{
+		{"quota refusal, Hungarian as shipped", util.KindErrorf(ErrOffsiteQuota,
+			"A távoli mentés túllépte a tárhelykeretet (%d/%d GB) — törölj régi mentéseket vagy kérj nagyobb keretet.", 51, 50), OffsiteFailQuota},
+		{"quota refusal, TRANSLATED", util.KindErrorf(ErrOffsiteQuota,
+			"The remote backup is over its storage quota (%d/%d GB) — delete old backups or ask for more space.", 51, 50), OffsiteFailQuota},
+		{"quota refusal wrapped by a caller", util.KindErrorf(ErrOffsiteQuota, "over quota"), OffsiteFailQuota},
+		// Negative controls: output we do NOT write stays matched by its text, on purpose.
+		{"restic: no repository", errors.New("Fatal: unable to open config file: Stat: file does not exist"), OffsiteFailNoRepo},
+		{"ssh: unreachable", errors.New("dial tcp 10.0.0.9:22: connect: connection refused"), OffsiteFailTransport},
+		{"nothing to copy", errors.New("off-box backup produced no snapshots: 2 app(s) toggled"), OffsiteFailNoUnits},
+		{"unknown stays unknown", errors.New("something else entirely"), OffsiteFailUnknown},
+		{"no error", nil, ""},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := ClassifyOffsiteFailure(c.err); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("%s: ClassifyOffsiteFailure = %q, want %q", c.name, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// The consequence, not only the mechanism: the head line the customer reads on /backups/remote is the
+// quota one for a TRANSLATED quota error. (offsiteFailureMessage is the only caller of the classifier.)
+func TestR553_OffsiteQuota_HeadLineSurvivesWordingChange(t *testing.T) {
+	tgt := &settings.OffboxTarget{Host: "nas.local", User: "felhom", RepoPath: "/srv/repo"}
+	translated := util.KindErrorf(ErrOffsiteQuota, "The remote backup is over its storage quota (51/50 GB).")
+	msg := offsiteFailureMessage(tgt, translated, 12*time.Second)
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(msg, "A távoli mentés nem fért el a tárhelykereten belül") {
+		t.Errorf("a translated quota failure is reported with the wrong cause line: %q", msg)
+	}
+	unknown := errors.New("The remote backup is over its storage quota (51/50 GB).")
+	if m := offsiteFailureMessage(tgt, unknown, time.Second); strings.HasPrefix(m, "A távoli mentés nem fért el") {
+		t.Errorf("an error WITHOUT the kind must not be guessed into the quota class from its words: %q", m)
+	}
+}
+
+// The producer keeps its Hungarian sentence byte-for-byte while carrying the kind.
+func TestR553_QuotaProducerKeepsItsWords(t *testing.T) {
+	err := util.KindErrorf(ErrOffsiteQuota,
+		"A távoli mentés túllépte a tárhelykeretet (%d/%d GB) — törölj régi mentéseket vagy kérj nagyobb keretet.", 51, 50)
+	want := "A távoli mentés túllépte a tárhelykeretet (51/50 GB) — törölj régi mentéseket vagy kérj nagyobb keretet."
+	if err.Error() != want {
+		t.Errorf("message CHANGED:\n got %q\nwant %q", err.Error(), want)
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrOffsiteQuota) {
+		t.Error("the quota refusal carries no kind")
+	}
+}
+
+// The zero-selection run must RECORD its kind beside the sentence, or the page falls back to reading
+// the words for ever. A real off-site run needs restic and an SSH target, so this is pinned at the
+// source — the defect it guards is a producer written the old way, and the display half is covered by
+// TestR553_StaleNoteDecisionSurvivesWordingChange in internal/web.
+func TestR553_OffboxRunRecordsTheKind(t *testing.T) {
+	src, err := os.ReadFile("offbox.go")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	body := string(src)
+	i := strings.Index(body, `warns = append(warns, "Sikeres — nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás")`)
+	if i < 0 {
+		t.Fatal("the zero-selection sentence is gone from the run — this test no longer reads what it thinks it reads")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(body[i:i+400], "warnKind = OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected") {
+		t.Error("the zero-selection run records its sentence but not its KIND — the Távoli mentés page " +
+			"is left reading Hungarian words, which localisation slice 2 will change (R-553)")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(body, "o.LastWarningKind = warnKind") {
+		t.Error("the recorded kind is never persisted, so the page sees nothing after a restart")
+	}
+	for _, clear := range []string{`o.LastWarning = ""
+			o.LastWarningKind = ""`} {
+		if !strings.Contains(body, clear) {
+			t.Error("a run that clears LastWarning must clear its kind too, or a stale kind outlives its text")
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/controller/internal/monitor/healthcheck.go b/controller/internal/monitor/healthcheck.go
index 9795700..e82eb98 100644
--- a/controller/internal/monitor/healthcheck.go
+++ b/controller/internal/monitor/healthcheck.go
@@ -16,11 +16,42 @@ import (
 
 // HealthReport contains the results of a system health check.
 type HealthReport struct {
-	Status    string   // "ok", "warn", "fail"
-	Issues    []string // critical problems
-	Warnings  []string // non-critical warnings
-	Info      []string // informational items
-	Timestamp time.Time
+	Status   string   // "ok", "warn", "fail"
+	Issues   []string // critical problems
+	Warnings []string // non-critical warnings
+	// WarningKinds is parallel to Warnings: one entry per warning, "" when the warning has no kind.
+	// R-553 — it exists so the dashboard can decide WHERE a warning is shown without reading the
+	// warning's Hungarian words (internal/web/alerts.go used to match „meghajtó"/„adattároló", which
+	// localisation slice 2 translates). It is INTERNAL: internal/report/builder.go copies Status,
+	// Issues and Warnings only, so the hub report is unchanged — pinned by
+	// TestR553_HubReportWarningsAreUnchangedOnTheWire.
+	WarningKinds []string
+	Info         []string // informational items
+	Timestamp    time.Time
+}
+
+// Warning kinds (R-553). A kind names WHAT the warning is about; the text stays the only thing shown.
+const (
+	WarnKindStorageNotSeparate  = "storage-not-separate" // app data sits on the system drive
+	WarnKindStorageDisconnected = "storage-disconnected" // a registered drive is unplugged
+	WarnKindStorageUnavailable  = "storage-unavailable"  // the path cannot be read
+	WarnKindStorageUsageHigh    = "storage-usage-high"   // a data drive is filling up
+)
+
+// addWarning appends a warning together with its kind, so the two slices cannot drift apart. Every
+// warning goes through here; `WarningKindAt` reads them back.
+func (r *HealthReport) addWarning(text, kind string) {
+	r.Warnings = append(r.Warnings, text)
+	r.WarningKinds = append(r.WarningKinds, kind)
+}
+
+// WarningKindAt returns the kind of Warnings[i], or "" when there is none (older callers, a report
+// built by hand in a test, or a warning that simply has no kind).
+func (r *HealthReport) WarningKindAt(i int) string {
+	if r == nil || i < 0 || i >= len(r.WarningKinds) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return r.WarningKinds[i]
 }
 
 // RunHealthCheck runs system checks and returns a diagnostic report.
@@ -61,7 +92,7 @@ func RunHealthCheck(cfg *config.Config, cpuCollector *system.CPUCollector, stora
 				logger.Printf("[DEBUG] [monitor] SSD disk: CRITICAL (%.0f%% >= %d%%)", sysInfo.DiskPercent, cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.DiskCritPercent)
 			}
 		} else if sysInfo.DiskPercent >= float64(cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.DiskWarnPercent) {
-			report.Warnings = append(report.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("SSD disk usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.DiskPercent))
+			report.addWarning(fmt.Sprintf("SSD disk usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.DiskPercent), "")
 			if logger != nil {
 				logger.Printf("[WARN] [monitor] Disk (SSD) threshold breached: %.0f%% (limit: %d%%)", sysInfo.DiskPercent, cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.DiskWarnPercent)
 			}
@@ -84,7 +115,7 @@ func RunHealthCheck(cfg *config.Config, cpuCollector *system.CPUCollector, stora
 				logger.Printf("[WARN] [monitor] Disk (HDD) threshold breached: %.0f%% (limit: %d%%)", sysInfo.HDDPercent, cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.DiskCritPercent)
 			}
 		} else if sysInfo.HDDPercent >= float64(cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.DiskWarnPercent) {
-			report.Warnings = append(report.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("HDD disk usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.HDDPercent))
+			report.addWarning(fmt.Sprintf("HDD disk usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.HDDPercent), "")
 			if logger != nil {
 				logger.Printf("[WARN] [monitor] Disk (HDD) threshold breached: %.0f%% (limit: %d%%)", sysInfo.HDDPercent, cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.DiskWarnPercent)
 			}
@@ -94,7 +125,7 @@ func RunHealthCheck(cfg *config.Config, cpuCollector *system.CPUCollector, stora
 	// 2. Memory usage
 	if sysInfo.MemPercent > 0 {
 		if sysInfo.MemPercent >= float64(cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.MemoryWarnPercent) {
-			report.Warnings = append(report.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Memory usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.MemPercent))
+			report.addWarning(fmt.Sprintf("Memory usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.MemPercent), "")
 			if logger != nil {
 				logger.Printf("[WARN] [monitor] Memory threshold breached: %.0f%% (limit: %d%%)", sysInfo.MemPercent, cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.MemoryWarnPercent)
 			}
@@ -112,7 +143,7 @@ func RunHealthCheck(cfg *config.Config, cpuCollector *system.CPUCollector, stora
 	// 3. CPU usage
 	if sysInfo.CPUPercent > 0 {
 		if sysInfo.CPUPercent >= float64(cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.CPUWarnPercent) {
-			report.Warnings = append(report.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("CPU usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.CPUPercent))
+			report.addWarning(fmt.Sprintf("CPU usage high: %.0f%%", sysInfo.CPUPercent), "")
 			if logger != nil {
 				logger.Printf("[WARN] [monitor] CPU threshold breached: %.0f%% (limit: %d%%)", sysInfo.CPUPercent, cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.CPUWarnPercent)
 			}
@@ -130,7 +161,7 @@ func RunHealthCheck(cfg *config.Config, cpuCollector *system.CPUCollector, stora
 	// 4. Temperature
 	if sysInfo.TemperatureCelsius > 0 {
 		if sysInfo.TemperatureCelsius >= float64(cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.TemperatureWarnCelsius) {
-			report.Warnings = append(report.Warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Temperature high: %.0f°C (%s)", sysInfo.TemperatureCelsius, sysInfo.TemperatureSource))
+			report.addWarning(fmt.Sprintf("Temperature high: %.0f°C (%s)", sysInfo.TemperatureCelsius, sysInfo.TemperatureSource), "")
 			if logger != nil {
 				logger.Printf("[WARN] [monitor] Temperature threshold breached: %.0f°C (limit: %d°C)", sysInfo.TemperatureCelsius, cfg.Monitoring.Thresholds.TemperatureWarnCelsius)
 			}
@@ -177,9 +208,11 @@ func RunHealthCheck(cfg *config.Config, cpuCollector *system.CPUCollector, stora
 	}
 
 	// 7. Storage paths
-	storageIssues, storageWarnings := checkStoragePaths(storagePaths)
+	storageIssues, storageWarnings, storageKinds := checkStoragePaths(storagePaths)
 	report.Issues = append(report.Issues, storageIssues...)
-	report.Warnings = append(report.Warnings, storageWarnings...)
+	for i, w := range storageWarnings {
+		report.addWarning(w, storageKinds[i])
+	}
 
 	// Determine status
 	if len(report.Issues) > 0 {
@@ -309,7 +342,10 @@ func checkProtectedContainers(protected []string) []string {
 	return missing
 }
 
-func checkStoragePaths(paths []settings.StoragePath) (issues, warnings []string) {
+// checkStoragePaths returns the storage issues and, beside each warning, its KIND (R-553) — the
+// dashboard places the "not on a separate drive" warning inline under the storage bars, and it must
+// find it by kind rather than by the words the sentence happens to contain today.
+func checkStoragePaths(paths []settings.StoragePath) (issues, warnings, kinds []string) {
 	for _, sp := range paths {
 		// Skip decommissioned paths — no longer in active use
 		if sp.Decommissioned {
@@ -318,13 +354,13 @@ func checkStoragePaths(paths []settings.StoragePath) (issues, warnings []string)
 
 		// Skip disconnected paths — handled by the storage watchdog
 		if sp.Disconnected {
-			warnings = append(warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Meghajtó leválasztva: %s (%s)", sp.Label, sp.Path))
+			warnings, kinds = append(warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Meghajtó leválasztva: %s (%s)", sp.Label, sp.Path)), append(kinds, WarnKindStorageDisconnected)
 			continue
 		}
 
 		// Path accessible?
 		if _, err := os.Stat(sp.Path); err != nil {
-			warnings = append(warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Adattároló nem elérhető: %s", sp.Path))
+			warnings, kinds = append(warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Adattároló nem elérhető: %s", sp.Path)), append(kinds, WarnKindStorageUnavailable)
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -332,6 +368,7 @@ func checkStoragePaths(paths []settings.StoragePath) (issues, warnings []string)
 		if !system.IsMountPoint(sp.Path) {
 			warnings = append(warnings, fmt.Sprintf(
 				"Az adattároló (%s) nem külön meghajtón van — az adatok a rendszermeghajtóra íródnak", sp.Path))
+			kinds = append(kinds, WarnKindStorageNotSeparate)
 		}
 
 		// Disk usage
@@ -339,7 +376,7 @@ func checkStoragePaths(paths []settings.StoragePath) (issues, warnings []string)
 			if di.UsedPercent >= 95 {
 				issues = append(issues, fmt.Sprintf("Adattároló majdnem megtelt: %s (%.0f%%)", sp.Path, di.UsedPercent))
 			} else if di.UsedPercent >= 90 {
-				warnings = append(warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Adattároló használat magas: %s (%.0f%%)", sp.Path, di.UsedPercent))
+				warnings, kinds = append(warnings, fmt.Sprintf("Adattároló használat magas: %s (%.0f%%)", sp.Path, di.UsedPercent)), append(kinds, WarnKindStorageUsageHigh)
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/controller/internal/monitor/r553_warning_kinds_test.go b/controller/internal/monitor/r553_warning_kinds_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17f2fd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/monitor/r553_warning_kinds_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package monitor
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/settings"
+)
+
+// R-553 — the storage warnings carry a KIND, and their sentences are byte-for-byte unchanged.
+//
+// checkStoragePaths is the real producer the health check folds into the report. The kinds are what
+// the dashboard reads to decide WHERE a warning is shown; the sentence is what the household reads.
+//
+// RED-PROOF (REPORT): drop the `kinds = append(…, WarnKindStorageNotSeparate)` line and the
+// placement test in internal/web fails with the warning back in the top banner.
+func TestR553_StorageWarningsCarryKindsAndKeepTheirWords(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	present := filepath.Join(dir, "data")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(present, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	paths := []settings.StoragePath{
+		{Path: filepath.Join(dir, "gone"), Label: "Leválasztott", Disconnected: true},
+		{Path: filepath.Join(dir, "nem-letezik")},
+		{Path: present},
+		{Path: filepath.Join(dir, "kihagyott"), Decommissioned: true},
+	}
+	_, warnings, kinds := checkStoragePaths(paths)
+	if len(warnings) != len(kinds) {
+		t.Fatalf("a warning without its kind (or the reverse): %d warnings, %d kinds", len(warnings), len(kinds))
+	}
+	want := []struct{ text, kind string }{
+		{"Meghajtó leválasztva: Leválasztott (" + filepath.Join(dir, "gone") + ")", WarnKindStorageDisconnected},
+		{"Adattároló nem elérhető: " + filepath.Join(dir, "nem-letezik"), WarnKindStorageUnavailable},
+		{"Az adattároló (" + present + ") nem külön meghajtón van — az adatok a rendszermeghajtóra íródnak", WarnKindStorageNotSeparate},
+	}
+	if len(warnings) != len(want) {
+		t.Fatalf("warnings = %q, want %d of them", warnings, len(want))
+	}
+	for i, w := range want {
+		if warnings[i] != w.text {
+			t.Errorf("warning %d CHANGED:\n got %q\nwant %q", i, warnings[i], w.text)
+		}
+		if kinds[i] != w.kind {
+			t.Errorf("warning %d has kind %q, want %q", i, kinds[i], w.kind)
+		}
+	}
+	// The decommissioned path is skipped entirely — it must not appear with an empty kind either.
+	for i, w := range warnings {
+		if kinds[i] == "" {
+			t.Errorf("storage warning %q carries no kind — the dashboard would fall back to placing it in the banner", w)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// A warning and its kind can never drift apart, because every warning goes through addWarning.
+func TestR553_WarningKindsStayParallel(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &HealthReport{}
+	r.addWarning("CPU usage high: 91%", "")
+	r.addWarning("Az adattároló (/mnt/x) nem külön meghajtón van", WarnKindStorageNotSeparate)
+	if len(r.Warnings) != 2 || len(r.WarningKinds) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("lengths drifted: %d warnings, %d kinds", len(r.Warnings), len(r.WarningKinds))
+	}
+	if r.WarningKindAt(0) != "" || r.WarningKindAt(1) != WarnKindStorageNotSeparate {
+		t.Errorf("kinds read back wrong: %q, %q", r.WarningKindAt(0), r.WarningKindAt(1))
+	}
+	// A report built by hand (an older caller, a test fixture) answers "" instead of panicking.
+	old := &HealthReport{Warnings: []string{"x"}}
+	if old.WarningKindAt(0) != "" || old.WarningKindAt(9) != "" {
+		t.Error("a report with no kinds must answer \"\", never index out of range")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/controller/internal/settings/settings.go b/controller/internal/settings/settings.go
index 7a1863b..3009557 100644
--- a/controller/internal/settings/settings.go
+++ b/controller/internal/settings/settings.go
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ type Settings struct {
 	// separate enabled flag — an empty token matches nothing). LauncherSharePasswordHash is an
 	// OPTIONAL bcrypt hash for a per-share password, ALWAYS SEPARATE from the admin PasswordHash above.
 	// The token is a secret and must never be logged.
-	LauncherShareToken        string `json:"launcher_share_token,omitempty"`
+	LauncherShareToken string `json:"launcher_share_token,omitempty"`
 	// Language (v0.247.0, i18n) — the household's dashboard language: "hu" | "en". Empty means never
 	// chosen and reads as Hungarian (GetLanguage). Reported to the hub so its e-mails can follow.
-	Language string `json:"language,omitempty"`
+	Language                  string `json:"language,omitempty"`
 	LauncherSharePasswordHash string `json:"launcher_share_password_hash,omitempty"`
 
 	// FileBrowser admin login (R-513, v0.243.0). Every box used to accept admin/admin. The controller
@@ -368,6 +368,11 @@ type OffboxTarget struct {
 	// LastWarning is a customer-visible notice set on an otherwise-OK run when SOME toggled apps had
 	// no discoverable recovery unit (partial run). Empty on a fully-successful or failed run.
 	LastWarning string `json:"last_warning,omitempty"`
+	// LastWarningKind names WHAT LastWarning is about, so the page can react to it without reading its
+	// Hungarian words (R-553). Today one kind exists: OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected, the zero-selection
+	// notice the Távoli mentés page replaces once apps HAVE been selected. Written by the run that
+	// writes LastWarning, cleared with it.
+	LastWarningKind string `json:"last_warning_kind,omitempty"`
 	// EnlargedBlocked (3a) lists the apps whose ENLARGED (mandatory-userdata) offsite push was refused
 	// by the pre-push quota gate on the last run — their unit-only push still succeeded. Replaced each
 	// OK run (sorted; empty clears). Drives the per-app "config+DB only" note on /backups/remote and
diff --git a/controller/internal/stacks/deploy.go b/controller/internal/stacks/deploy.go
index 09bc97f..c99bfe6 100644
--- a/controller/internal/stacks/deploy.go
+++ b/controller/internal/stacks/deploy.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/hex"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"math/big"
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/appbackup"
 	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/crypto"
 	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/system"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/util"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ func (m *Manager) DeployStack(req DeployRequest) (string, error) {
 	}
 	if sPtr.Deployed {
 		m.mu.Unlock()
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("stack %q is already deployed; use update instead", req.StackName)
+		return "", util.KindErrorf(ErrAlreadyDeployed, "stack %q is already deployed; use update instead", req.StackName)
 	}
 	sPtr.Deploying = true
 	sPtr.DeployError = ""
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ func (m *Manager) DeployStack(req DeployRequest) (string, error) {
 	refusal, deployWarning := m.memoryVerdict(ParseMemoryMB(meta.Resources.MemRequest), ParseMemoryMB(meta.Resources.MemLimit), 0, 0)
 	if refusal != "" {
 		clearDeploying()
-		return "", errors.New(refusal)
+		return "", util.KindError(ErrNotEnoughMemory, refusal)
 	}
 
 	// Debug: log received values (redact passwords/secrets)
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ func (m *Manager) DeployStack(req DeployRequest) (string, error) {
 				value = userVal
 			} else {
 				clearDeploying()
-				return "", fmt.Errorf("a(z) %q mező kitöltése kötelező — használja a Generálás gombot vagy írjon be egy jelszót", field.Label)
+				return "", util.KindErrorf(ErrRequiredField, "a(z) %q mező kitöltése kötelező — használja a Generálás gombot vagy írjon be egy jelszót", field.Label)
 			}
 
 		default:
@@ -323,14 +323,14 @@ func (m *Manager) DeployStack(req DeployRequest) (string, error) {
 		// Validate required fields
 		if field.Required && value == "" {
 			clearDeploying()
-			return "", fmt.Errorf("a(z) %q (%s) mező kitöltése kötelező", field.Label, field.EnvVar)
+			return "", util.KindErrorf(ErrRequiredField, "a(z) %q (%s) mező kitöltése kötelező", field.Label, field.EnvVar)
 		}
 
 		// Validate path fields exist on the host filesystem
 		if field.Type == "path" && value != "" {
 			if _, err := os.Stat(value); os.IsNotExist(err) {
 				clearDeploying()
-				return "", fmt.Errorf("path %q does not exist for field %q", value, field.Label)
+				return "", util.KindErrorf(ErrPathMissing, "path %q does not exist for field %q", value, field.Label)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -408,7 +408,9 @@ func (m *Manager) DeployStack(req DeployRequest) (string, error) {
 //
 // Same shape as SetMigrationDoneHook, deliberately: the policy (which event, what wording) lives in
 // the caller, and this package only reports what happened.
-func (m *Manager) SetDeployDoneHook(fn func(name string, ok bool, detail string)) { m.deployDoneHook = fn }
+func (m *Manager) SetDeployDoneHook(fn func(name string, ok bool, detail string)) {
+	m.deployDoneHook = fn
+}
 
 func (m *Manager) runComposeDeploy(name, stackDir string, env map[string]string, appCfg *AppConfig) {
 	start := time.Now()
diff --git a/controller/internal/stacks/deploy_errors.go b/controller/internal/stacks/deploy_errors.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4525909
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/stacks/deploy_errors.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package stacks
+
+import "errors"
+
+// R-553 — the deploy path's refusals carry a KIND, so the API can pick its status code without
+// reading the customer's Hungarian sentence. The sentences themselves are unchanged (a test pins
+// each one byte-for-byte); `internal/util.KindErrorf` builds the message exactly as fmt.Errorf did.
+//
+// Before this, internal/api/router.go matched „kötelező", „memória", "does not exist" and
+// "already deployed" in the error text — so localisation slice 2 would have turned every validation
+// refusal into a 500.
+var (
+	// ErrAlreadyDeployed — the stack is already deployed (API: 409).
+	ErrAlreadyDeployed = errors.New("stack already deployed")
+	// ErrRequiredField — a required (or password) field was left empty (API: 400).
+	ErrRequiredField = errors.New("required field empty")
+	// ErrPathMissing — a path field names something that is not on the filesystem (API: 400).
+	ErrPathMissing = errors.New("path field does not exist")
+	// ErrNotEnoughMemory — the memory verdict refused the deploy (API: 400).
+	ErrNotEnoughMemory = errors.New("not enough memory")
+)
diff --git a/controller/internal/stacks/r553_deploy_error_kinds_test.go b/controller/internal/stacks/r553_deploy_error_kinds_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83bc352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/stacks/r553_deploy_error_kinds_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+package stacks
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/config"
+)
+
+// r553Manager builds a real Manager over a temp stacks dir holding one app fixture, so DeployStack's
+// own validation runs — no stub, no modelled predicate.
+func r553Manager(t *testing.T, felhomYml string) *Manager {
+	t.Helper()
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Paths.StacksDir = filepath.Join(dir, "stacks")
+	cfg.Paths.SystemDataPath = filepath.Join(dir, "system")
+	cfg.Stacks.ComposeCommand = "docker compose" // no detection; nothing is executed in this test
+	appDir := filepath.Join(cfg.Paths.StacksDir, "r553app")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(appDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(appDir, "docker-compose.yml"), []byte("services:\n  app:\n    image: busybox\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(appDir, ".felhom.yml"), []byte(felhomYml), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	m, err := NewManager(cfg, log.New(io.Discard, "", 0))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := m.ScanStacks(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if _, ok := m.GetStack("r553app"); !ok {
+		t.Fatal("fixture invalid: the app was not scanned, so DeployStack would refuse for the wrong reason")
+	}
+	return m
+}
+
+// R-553 — the deploy refusals carry their KIND, and their Hungarian sentences are byte-for-byte what
+// they were before the kinds existed (a localisation-adjacent change may not move one byte of copy).
+//
+// RED-PROOF (REPORT): drop the kind from either producer in deploy.go (back to plain fmt.Errorf) and
+// the errors.Is assertion fails, while the message assertion still passes — which is exactly the
+// silent state this row exists to prevent.
+func TestR553_DeployProducersCarryKindAndKeepTheirWords(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		yml     string
+		values  map[string]string
+		kind    error
+		wantMsg string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "required field left empty",
+			yml:     "display_name: R553\ndeploy_fields:\n  - env_var: DATA_DIR\n    label: Adatmappa\n    type: text\n    required: true\n",
+			values:  map[string]string{},
+			kind:    ErrRequiredField,
+			wantMsg: `a(z) "Adatmappa" (DATA_DIR) mező kitöltése kötelező`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "password field left empty",
+			yml:     "display_name: R553\ndeploy_fields:\n  - env_var: ADMIN_PW\n    label: Jelszó\n    type: password\n",
+			values:  map[string]string{},
+			kind:    ErrRequiredField,
+			wantMsg: `a(z) "Jelszó" mező kitöltése kötelező — használja a Generálás gombot vagy írjon be egy jelszót`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "path field naming something that is not there",
+			yml:     "display_name: R553\ndeploy_fields:\n  - env_var: MEDIA\n    label: Média\n    type: path\n",
+			values:  map[string]string{"MEDIA": "/definitely/not/here/r553"},
+			kind:    ErrPathMissing,
+			wantMsg: `path "/definitely/not/here/r553" does not exist for field "Média"`,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			m := r553Manager(t, c.yml)
+			_, err := m.DeployStack(DeployRequest{StackName: "r553app", Values: c.values})
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("deploy was admitted — the fixture no longer exercises the refusal")
+			}
+			if !errors.Is(err, c.kind) {
+				t.Errorf("refusal carries no kind: %v (want errors.Is … %v)", err, c.kind)
+			}
+			if err.Error() != c.wantMsg {
+				t.Errorf("the customer's sentence CHANGED:\n got %q\nwant %q", err.Error(), c.wantMsg)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// The already-deployed refusal, on the same Manager: its words are unchanged and it carries its kind
+// (the API answers 409 from that kind).
+func TestR553_AlreadyDeployedCarriesKindAndKeepsItsWords(t *testing.T) {
+	m := r553Manager(t, "display_name: R553\n")
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	m.stacks["r553app"].Deployed = true
+	m.mu.Unlock()
+	_, err := m.DeployStack(DeployRequest{StackName: "r553app"})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("a deployed stack was admitted for a second deploy")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrAlreadyDeployed) {
+		t.Errorf("refusal carries no kind: %v", err)
+	}
+	if want := `stack "r553app" is already deployed; use update instead`; err.Error() != want {
+		t.Errorf("message CHANGED:\n got %q\nwant %q", err.Error(), want)
+	}
+}
+
+// The memory refusal is a string built by memoryVerdict from the HOST's real memory, so a unit test
+// cannot make it fire. Its kind is therefore pinned where it is attached — at the one line that turns
+// that string into an error. Source-level on purpose, like TestDeployAcceptance_DoesNotClaimTheAppIsInstalled:
+// the defect this guards is a call written the old way, not a wrong value. The status mapping itself
+// is covered by TestR553_Deploy_DecisionSurvivesWordingChange with a translated memory message.
+func TestR553_MemoryRefusalIsWrappedWithItsKind(t *testing.T) {
+	src, err := os.ReadFile("deploy.go")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	body := string(src)
+	if !strings.Contains(body, `util.KindError(ErrNotEnoughMemory, refusal)`) {
+		t.Error("the memory refusal no longer carries ErrNotEnoughMemory — the API would answer 500 " +
+			"for a refusal the customer can act on, and translating the sentence would hide it completely")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(body, `errors.New(refusal)`) {
+		t.Error("the memory refusal is back to a bare errors.New: its kind is gone (R-553)")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/controller/internal/util/errkind.go b/controller/internal/util/errkind.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f466e8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/util/errkind.go
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package util
+
+import "fmt"
+
+// R-553 — a decision must never be made by reading a customer-facing Hungarian word.
+//
+// Five places in this product branched on their own copy (`strings.Contains(err.Error(), "kötelező")`
+// and friends). The day that copy is translated — localisation slice 2 — every one of them silently
+// takes the other branch: an install error becomes a 500, a quota failure reads as "unknown cause".
+//
+// KindErrorf is the fix in one line: it produces the EXACT same message bytes as `fmt.Errorf` while
+// carrying a sentinel that `errors.Is` can test. The message is display; the sentinel is the decision.
+//
+//	return util.KindErrorf(ErrRequiredField, "a(z) %q mező kitöltése kötelező", label)
+//	...
+//	if errors.Is(err, stacks.ErrRequiredField) { status = http.StatusBadRequest }
+//
+// Deliberately NOT `fmt.Errorf("%w: …")`: that prepends the sentinel's own text and would change the
+// sentence the customer reads, which a localisation-adjacent change may never do.
+func KindErrorf(kind error, format string, a ...interface{}) error {
+	return &kindError{kind: kind, msg: fmt.Sprintf(format, a...)}
+}
+
+// KindError wraps an existing message (a string built elsewhere) with its kind, bytes unchanged.
+func KindError(kind error, msg string) error { return &kindError{kind: kind, msg: msg} }
+
+type kindError struct {
+	kind error
+	msg  string
+}
+
+func (e *kindError) Error() string { return e.msg }
+
+// Unwrap is what makes errors.Is(err, kind) true. It deliberately returns the KIND, not a cause
+// chain: the message is a leaf, and the kind is the only thing a caller may branch on.
+func (e *kindError) Unwrap() error { return e.kind }
diff --git a/controller/internal/web/alerts.go b/controller/internal/web/alerts.go
index 169d19c..a9889f1 100644
--- a/controller/internal/web/alerts.go
+++ b/controller/internal/web/alerts.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"hash/crc32"
 	"log"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -196,7 +195,7 @@ func (am *AlertManager) Refresh(report *monitor.HealthReport, cfg *config.Config
 	}
 
 	// From health check warnings
-	for _, w := range report.Warnings {
+	for i, w := range report.Warnings {
 		alert := Alert{
 			ID:       "health-" + simpleHash(w),
 			Level:    "warning",
@@ -204,8 +203,13 @@ func (am *AlertManager) Refresh(report *monitor.HealthReport, cfg *config.Config
 			Link:     "/monitoring",
 			LinkText: "Rendszermonitor",
 		}
-		// Disk-related warnings rendered inline under storage bars, not in top banner
-		if strings.Contains(w, "meghajtón") || strings.Contains(w, "adattároló") || strings.Contains(w, "meghajtó") {
+		// R-553 — WHERE this warning is shown is decided by its KIND, not by the Hungarian words it
+		// contains. The old test was `strings.Contains(w, "meghajtón"/"adattároló"/"meghajtó")`, which
+		// matched exactly one of today's warnings (the not-on-a-separate-drive one, the only lower-case
+		// „meghajtón"); the day that sentence is translated the warning would jump from its quiet place
+		// under the storage bars to the red banner on EVERY page. Pinned by
+		// TestR553_DiskWarningPlacementSurvivesWordingChange.
+		if report.WarningKindAt(i) == monitor.WarnKindStorageNotSeparate {
 			alert.ID = "disk-not-separate"
 			alert.PageOnly = []string{"dashboard", "monitoring"}
 			alert.Inline = true
diff --git a/controller/internal/web/handlers.go b/controller/internal/web/handlers.go
index 90b388d..57fd438 100644
--- a/controller/internal/web/handlers.go
+++ b/controller/internal/web/handlers.go
@@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ func (s *Server) backupsOffboxData(data map[string]interface{}) {
 	data["OffboxToggledCount"] = offboxToggled
 	// Part E (v0.126.0): the LastWarning DISPLAY pick — never a state mutation.
 	if offboxTgt != nil {
-		data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = offboxWarningDisplay(offboxTgt.LastWarning, offboxToggled)
+		data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = offboxWarningDisplay(offboxTgt.LastWarning, offboxTgt.LastWarningKind, offboxToggled)
 	} else {
 		data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = ""
 	}
@@ -913,9 +913,9 @@ func (s *Server) backupsOffboxData(data map[string]interface{}) {
 	data["OffboxBlockedSet"] = blocked
 }
 
-// offboxStaleWarningMarker is the substring the zero-toggled offbox run writes into
-// LastWarning (backup/offbox.go); offboxSelectionChangedLine replaces it once the
-// selection has moved on.
+// offboxStaleWarningMarker is the substring the zero-toggled offbox run wrote into LastWarning before
+// v0.251.0, when the run started recording a KIND beside it (R-553). It is kept ONLY to read boxes
+// upgraded with that older text already persisted — see offboxWarningDisplay.
 const (
 	offboxStaleWarningMarker   = "nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás"
 	offboxSelectionChangedLine = "A kijelölés módosult az utolsó futás óta — a következő távoli mentés már tartalmazza."
@@ -927,8 +927,21 @@ const (
 // replace it with the honest "selection changed, the next run covers it" note.
 // Pure display logic: the persisted LastWarning is never touched, and every other
 // warning (quota, partial failure) passes through verbatim.
-func offboxWarningDisplay(lastWarning string, toggledCount int) string {
-	if toggledCount >= 1 && strings.Contains(lastWarning, offboxStaleWarningMarker) {
+// R-553 — the decision is made on the KIND the run recorded, not on the words of the sentence.
+// The one text test that remains runs ONLY when there is no kind, i.e. on a box whose last off-site
+// run happened before v0.251.0 and whose persisted warning therefore predates kinds.
+//
+// R-553 legacy: remove after every fleet box has completed one off-site run on ≥ 0.251.0 (row R-570).
+// Localisation slice 2 (R-557) must not translate the producer at backup/offbox.go until that row is
+// closed — translating it while this fallback is still needed would strand exactly those boxes.
+func offboxWarningDisplay(lastWarning, kind string, toggledCount int) string {
+	if toggledCount < 1 {
+		return lastWarning
+	}
+	if kind == backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected {
+		return offboxSelectionChangedLine
+	}
+	if kind == "" && strings.Contains(lastWarning, offboxStaleWarningMarker) {
 		return offboxSelectionChangedLine
 	}
 	return lastWarning
diff --git a/controller/internal/web/offbox_handlers.go b/controller/internal/web/offbox_handlers.go
index 6cc97bd..b136476 100644
--- a/controller/internal/web/offbox_handlers.go
+++ b/controller/internal/web/offbox_handlers.go
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func (s *Server) offboxConfigHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		// succeeded" on a routine settings save. Pinned by TestOffboxEdit_PreservesLastSuccess.
 		tgt.LastSuccess = prev.LastSuccess
 		tgt.LastDuration, tgt.RepoSizeHuman, tgt.SnapshotCount = prev.LastDuration, prev.RepoSizeHuman, prev.SnapshotCount
-		tgt.LastWarning = prev.LastWarning
+		tgt.LastWarning, tgt.LastWarningKind = prev.LastWarning, prev.LastWarningKind
 		tgt.EscrowState = prev.EscrowState
 		tgt.RepoSizeBytes = prev.RepoSizeBytes
 		tgt.StatsKnown = prev.StatsKnown // R-225: preserved with the numbers it qualifies
diff --git a/controller/internal/web/offbox_warning_display_test.go b/controller/internal/web/offbox_warning_display_test.go
index 424ff98..ae9cb25 100644
--- a/controller/internal/web/offbox_warning_display_test.go
+++ b/controller/internal/web/offbox_warning_display_test.go
@@ -12,25 +12,28 @@ import (
 // jelölt alkalmazás" run-result for the selection-changed note once ≥1 app is toggled.
 // COMPANION red-proof (recorded in REPORT): make offboxWarningDisplay return lastWarning
 // unconditionally → TestOffboxWarningDisplay_Pick's 1-enabled case FAILS.
+//
+// R-553 (v0.251.0): these calls pass an EMPTY kind on purpose — they are now the LEGACY path, a box
+// whose last off-site run predates kinds. The kind path is TestR553_StaleNoteDecisionSurvivesWordingChange.
 
 const staleZeroToggleWarning = "Sikeres — nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás volt a futáskor."
 
 func TestOffboxWarningDisplay_Pick(t *testing.T) {
 	// warning + ≥1 enabled → the replacement line
-	if got := offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, 1); got != offboxSelectionChangedLine {
+	if got := offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, "", 1); got != offboxSelectionChangedLine {
 		t.Errorf("stale warning + 1 toggled: got %q, want the selection-changed line", got)
 	}
 	// warning + 0 enabled → the original line, verbatim (the v0.123.0 honesty stays)
-	if got := offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, 0); got != staleZeroToggleWarning {
+	if got := offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, "", 0); got != staleZeroToggleWarning {
 		t.Errorf("stale warning + 0 toggled: got %q, want the original warning unchanged", got)
 	}
 	// any OTHER warning passes through regardless of toggles (quota, partial failure)
 	quota := "A tároló a keret 84%-át használja (42/50 GB)."
-	if got := offboxWarningDisplay(quota, 3); got != quota {
+	if got := offboxWarningDisplay(quota, "", 3); got != quota {
 		t.Errorf("non-stale warning must pass through verbatim, got %q", got)
 	}
 	// no warning → no line
-	if got := offboxWarningDisplay("", 2); got != "" {
+	if got := offboxWarningDisplay("", "", 2); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("empty warning must stay empty, got %q", got)
 	}
 }
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ func TestOffboxWarningDisplay_RemotePageRender(t *testing.T) {
 		Enabled: true, Host: "nas.local", LastStatus: "ok", EscrowState: "escrowed",
 		LastWarning: staleZeroToggleWarning,
 	}
-	data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, 1)
+	data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, "", 1)
 	html := renderBackupPage(t, "backups_remote", data)
 	if !strings.Contains(html, offboxSelectionChangedLine) {
 		t.Error("selection-changed note missing with 1 app toggled")
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ func TestOffboxWarningDisplay_RemotePageRender(t *testing.T) {
 		Enabled: true, Host: "nas.local", LastStatus: "ok", EscrowState: "escrowed",
 		LastWarning: staleZeroToggleWarning,
 	}
-	data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, 0)
+	data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = offboxWarningDisplay(staleZeroToggleWarning, "", 0)
 	html = renderBackupPage(t, "backups_remote", data)
 	if !strings.Contains(html, staleZeroToggleWarning) {
 		t.Error("0 toggled: the original run warning must render unchanged")
diff --git a/controller/internal/web/r553_alert_placement_test.go b/controller/internal/web/r553_alert_placement_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77fc834
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/web/r553_alert_placement_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package web
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/config"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/monitor"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/report"
+)
+
+// R-553 — the „your data is not on a separate drive" warning is shown quietly, inline under the
+// storage bars on two pages. Which warning that is used to be decided by looking for „meghajtó" in
+// the sentence; slice 2 translates it, and from that day the warning appears in the RED BANNER on
+// every page of the dashboard instead — a household that changed nothing suddenly reads an alarm.
+//
+// RED-PROOF (REPORT): put the strings.Contains(w, "meghajtón"/"adattároló"/"meghajtó") test back in
+// alerts.go and the TRANSLATED row below fails (Inline=false, no PageOnly).
+func TestR553_DiskWarningPlacementSurvivesWordingChange(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name       string
+		text, kind string
+		wantInline bool
+	}{
+		{"as shipped", "Az adattároló (/mnt/hdd) nem külön meghajtón van — az adatok a rendszermeghajtóra íródnak",
+			monitor.WarnKindStorageNotSeparate, true},
+		{"TRANSLATED", "The data storage (/mnt/hdd) is not on a separate drive — the data is written to the system drive",
+			monitor.WarnKindStorageNotSeparate, true},
+		{"a CPU warning stays in the banner", "CPU usage high: 91%", "", false},
+		{"a disconnected drive stays in the banner (its own alert covers it)",
+			"Meghajtó leválasztva: Külső (/mnt/usb)", monitor.WarnKindStorageDisconnected, false},
+		{"a warning that merely CONTAINS the old words is not moved",
+			"A meghajtó ellenőrzése nem futott le", "", false},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		am := NewAlertManager(log.New(io.Discard, "", 0))
+		hr := &monitor.HealthReport{Status: "warn", Warnings: []string{c.text}, WarningKinds: []string{c.kind}}
+		cfg := &config.Config{}
+		cfg.Hub.Enabled = false
+		am.Refresh(hr, cfg, nil, false, "")
+		var found *Alert
+		for i, a := range am.GetAlerts() {
+			if a.Message == c.text {
+				found = &am.GetAlerts()[i]
+			}
+		}
+		if found == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: the warning did not reach the alerts at all", c.name)
+		}
+		if found.Inline != c.wantInline {
+			t.Errorf("%s: Inline = %v, want %v (message %q)", c.name, found.Inline, c.wantInline, c.text)
+		}
+		wantPages := 0
+		if c.wantInline {
+			wantPages = 2
+		}
+		if len(found.PageOnly) != wantPages {
+			t.Errorf("%s: PageOnly = %v, want %d page(s)", c.name, found.PageOnly, wantPages)
+		}
+		if c.wantInline && (found.ID != "disk-not-separate" ||
+			strings.Join(found.PageOnly, ",") != "dashboard,monitoring") {
+			t.Errorf("%s: id/pages changed: %q %v", c.name, found.ID, found.PageOnly)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// THE WIRE IS SACRED — the kinds are an internal field and must not reach the hub. The report's
+// health block is its own struct; this pins that it carries exactly three fields, their JSON names,
+// and that a health report WITH kinds marshals to the same bytes as one without.
+//
+// RED-PROOF (REPORT): add `WarningKinds []string \`json:"warning_kinds"\`` to report.HealthReport and
+// both halves fail.
+func TestR553_HubReportWarningsAreUnchangedOnTheWire(t *testing.T) {
+	rt := reflect.TypeOf(report.HealthReport{})
+	var names []string
+	for i := 0; i < rt.NumField(); i++ {
+		names = append(names, rt.Field(i).Tag.Get("json"))
+	}
+	if got, want := strings.Join(names, ","), "status,issues,warnings"; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("the hub's health block changed shape: %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+	// The same warnings, one report built the way builder.go builds it (Status/Issues/Warnings only).
+	src := &monitor.HealthReport{
+		Status:       "warn",
+		Issues:       []string{},
+		Warnings:     []string{"CPU usage high: 91%", "Az adattároló (/mnt/hdd) nem külön meghajtón van"},
+		WarningKinds: []string{"", monitor.WarnKindStorageNotSeparate},
+	}
+	wire := report.HealthReport{Status: src.Status, Issues: src.Issues, Warnings: src.Warnings}
+	b, err := json.Marshal(wire)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	const want = `{"status":"warn","issues":[],"warnings":["CPU usage high: 91%","Az adattároló (/mnt/hdd) nem külön meghajtón van"]}`
+	if string(b) != want {
+		t.Errorf("the hub report's health bytes CHANGED:\n got %s\nwant %s", b, want)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(string(b), "kind") {
+		t.Error("a warning KIND reached the wire — the hub contract gained a field nobody agreed to")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/controller/internal/web/r553_stale_note_test.go b/controller/internal/web/r553_stale_note_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ca0e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/internal/web/r553_stale_note_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+package web
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/backup"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/settings"
+)
+
+// R-553 — the Távoli mentés page replaces a stale „nothing was selected" run note once apps HAVE been
+// selected. It used to find that note by searching the sentence for „nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás";
+// slice 2 translates the sentence, and the stale note would then come back and stay — telling a
+// household that has selected apps that nothing is covered.
+//
+// RED-PROOF (REPORT): make offboxWarningDisplay decide by the marker again (drop the kind arm) and
+// the TRANSLATED row fails: the stale sentence is shown verbatim.
+func TestR553_StaleNoteDecisionSurvivesWordingChange(t *testing.T) {
+	const hu = "Sikeres — nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás"
+	const en = "Success — no app is selected for backup"
+	cases := []struct {
+		name, warning, kind string
+		toggled             int
+		want                string
+	}{
+		{"as shipped, apps now selected", hu, backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected, 1, offboxSelectionChangedLine},
+		{"TRANSLATED, apps now selected", en, backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected, 2, offboxSelectionChangedLine},
+		{"still nothing selected → the honest note stays", hu, backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected, 0, hu},
+		{"a quota note passes through", "A tároló a keret 84%-át használja (42/50 GB).", "", 3,
+			"A tároló a keret 84%-át használja (42/50 GB)."},
+		// LEGACY: a box upgraded to v0.251.0 still carries the OLD text with no kind until its next
+		// off-site run rewrites it. Until then the text test is what it has.
+		{"legacy persisted text, no kind", hu, "", 1, offboxSelectionChangedLine},
+		{"legacy: any other text without a kind is shown verbatim", "Valami más történt.", "", 1, "Valami más történt."},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := offboxWarningDisplay(c.warning, c.kind, c.toggled); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("%s:\n got %q\nwant %q", c.name, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// The consequence on the page itself: with a TRANSLATED warning that carries the kind, the rendered
+// Távoli mentés page shows the selection-changed note and not the stale sentence.
+func TestR553_StaleNoteOnTheRenderedPage(t *testing.T) {
+	const en = "Success — no app is selected for backup"
+	data := appRowSplitData()
+	data["Offbox"] = &settings.OffboxTarget{
+		Enabled: true, Host: "nas.local", LastStatus: "ok", EscrowState: "escrowed",
+		LastWarning: en, LastWarningKind: backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected,
+	}
+	data["OffboxWarningDisplay"] = offboxWarningDisplay(en, backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected, 1)
+	html := renderBackupPage(t, "backups_remote", data)
+	if !strings.Contains(html, offboxSelectionChangedLine) {
+		t.Error("the selection-changed note is missing for a translated warning that carries its kind")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(html, en) {
+		t.Error("the stale note is still on the page beside its replacement")
+	}
+}
+
+// The kind has to be PERSISTED beside the text and survive an edit of the target, or the page falls
+// back to the legacy text test on the next render (settings.json is the only carrier between runs).
+func TestR553_WarningKindIsPersistedAndCopied(t *testing.T) {
+	tgt := settings.OffboxTarget{
+		Enabled: true, Host: "nas.local", User: "felhom", RepoPath: "/srv/repo",
+		LastWarning: "Sikeres — nincs mentésre jelölt alkalmazás", LastWarningKind: backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected,
+	}
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	load := func() *settings.Settings {
+		s, err := settings.Load(filepath.Join(dir, "settings.json"), log.New(io.Discard, "", 0))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return s
+	}
+	if err := load().SetOffboxTarget(&tgt); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	reloaded := load().GetOffboxTarget()
+	if reloaded == nil {
+		t.Fatal("the target did not survive the reload")
+	}
+	if reloaded.LastWarningKind != backup.OffboxWarnNoAppsSelected {
+		t.Errorf("the warning kind was not persisted: %q", reloaded.LastWarningKind)
+	}
+	if reloaded.LastWarning != tgt.LastWarning {
+		t.Errorf("the warning text changed across the reload: %q", reloaded.LastWarning)
+	}
+}