diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 630c3c8..21ebf48 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,22 @@
 ## Changelog
 
+### v0.191.2 — a quiet fill check now says so (2026-08-02, R-167) — MinAgent: none
+
+**Earned during v0.191.1's own live validation, which is the strongest evidence it was needed.** After
+the customer had been warned about `/mnt/sys_drive`, the controller was restarted and produced **zero
+`fillwatch` log lines** — and that was read, correctly, as unusable: an absent line is equally
+consistent with *"the check ran and chose silence"* and *"the check never ran"*. Proving the checker
+was alive required deliberately crossing into the critical band.
+
+That ambiguity is **permanent, not rare, for this check specifically**: it is edge-triggered, so the
+HEALTHY STEADY STATE IS A QUIET RUN. Standing rule 3 aimed at the one place it costs most.
+
+`Check` now logs a per-RUN summary — `checked N filesystem(s), M unreadable/skipped, K
+notification(s); bands: …` — on every run, healthy or not. **Unreadable is counted separately from
+healthy**, so a drive that has quietly gone unreadable for weeks cannot read as "all fine". Two tests
+pin it, including that a second, equally quiet run logs again (the observable is per run, not per
+change).
+
 ### v0.191.1 — the fill check also runs at startup (2026-08-02, R-167) — MinAgent: none
 
 **Found while live-validating v0.191.0 on guest 9201: the fill check was reachable only on its daily
diff --git a/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch.go b/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch.go
index 04230e2..a677beb 100644
--- a/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch.go
+++ b/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch.go
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ func (w *Watcher) Check() error {
 	targets := w.targets()
 	seen := make(map[string]bool, len(targets))
 	changed := false
+	var checked, skipped, emitted int
 
 	for _, t := range targets {
 		if t.Path == "" {
@@ -208,8 +209,10 @@ func (w *Watcher) Check() error {
 			// backup_target_absent). Reporting it as "full" would be a false alarm with a misleading
 			// cause, and would tell the customer to delete files that are not the problem.
 			w.logger.Printf("[DEBUG] [fillwatch] %s: usage unreadable — skipped (an unreadable filesystem is not a full one)", t.Path)
+			skipped++
 			continue
 		}
+		checked++
 		prev := w.bands[t.Path]
 		next := classify(*u, prev)
 		if next == prev {
@@ -230,6 +233,7 @@ func (w *Watcher) Check() error {
 		msg := Message(t, *u, next)
 		w.logger.Printf("[WARN] [fillwatch] %s (%q): %s → %s — %.0f%% used, %.1f GB free of %.1f GB; notifying the customer",
 			t.Path, t.Label, prev, next, u.UsedPercent, u.AvailGB, u.TotalGB)
+		emitted++
 		if w.notify != nil {
 			w.notify(Event{Target: t, Band: next, Usage: *u, Message: msg})
 		}
@@ -244,12 +248,38 @@ func (w *Watcher) Check() error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// A POSITIVE OBSERVABLE, every run, healthy or not (standing rule 3). Without it a quiet run is
+	// indistinguishable from a checker that never ran — and because this check is edge-triggered, the
+	// HEALTHY steady state IS a quiet run, so the ambiguity is permanent rather than rare. It was hit
+	// for real while live-validating v0.191.1 on 9201: an unchanged band produced zero log lines, and
+	// proving the checker was alive needed a deliberate threshold crossing.
+	w.logger.Printf("[INFO] [fillwatch] checked %d filesystem(s), %d unreadable/skipped, %d notification(s); bands: %s",
+		checked, skipped, emitted, w.bandSummaryLocked())
+
 	if !changed {
 		return nil
 	}
 	return w.saveLocked()
 }
 
+// bandSummaryLocked renders the current per-path bands for the run summary, deterministically. Caller
+// holds w.mu.
+func (w *Watcher) bandSummaryLocked() string {
+	if len(w.bands) == 0 {
+		return "all ok"
+	}
+	paths := make([]string, 0, len(w.bands))
+	for p := range w.bands {
+		paths = append(paths, p)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(paths)
+	parts := make([]string, 0, len(paths))
+	for _, p := range paths {
+		parts = append(parts, p+"="+w.bands[p].String())
+	}
+	return strings.Join(parts, " ")
+}
+
 // Bands returns a copy of the current per-path state (diagnostics + tests).
 func (w *Watcher) Bands() map[string]Band {
 	w.mu.Lock()
diff --git a/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch_test.go b/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch_test.go
index a5ba9c5..2b02a30 100644
--- a/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch_test.go
+++ b/controller/internal/fillwatch/fillwatch_test.go
@@ -318,3 +318,56 @@ func TestVanishedTargetIsForgotten(t *testing.T) {
 			"re-added drive would resume from a stale band instead of warning afresh")
 	}
 }
+
+// --- The run summary is the POSITIVE OBSERVABLE ---------------------------------------------------
+
+// Standing rule 3, aimed at the one place it bites hardest here: this check is edge-triggered, so the
+// HEALTHY STEADY STATE IS A QUIET RUN. Without a per-run summary line, "the checker ran and correctly
+// said nothing" and "the checker is dead" produce byte-identical logs, permanently.
+//
+// This was hit for real while live-validating v0.191.1 on guest 9201: an unchanged band produced zero
+// log lines, and proving the checker was alive required a deliberate threshold crossing.
+func TestEveryRunLogsAPositiveObservable(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf strings.Builder
+	usage := map[string]*Usage{photos.Path: {UsedPercent: 40, AvailGB: 60, TotalGB: 100}}
+	w := New(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "s.json"), log.New(&buf, "", 0),
+		func() []Target { return []Target{photos} },
+		func(p string) *Usage { return usage[p] })
+
+	if err := w.Check(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	out := buf.String()
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "[fillwatch] checked 1 filesystem(s)") {
+		t.Fatalf("a HEALTHY run logged no summary — a quiet run is then indistinguishable from a "+
+			"checker that never ran, and for an edge-triggered check that is the normal state. Got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "all ok") {
+		t.Fatalf("the summary does not report the bands. Got:\n%s", out)
+	}
+
+	// And a second, equally quiet run must log again — the observable is per RUN, not per change.
+	buf.Reset()
+	if err := w.Check(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(buf.String(), "checked 1 filesystem(s)") {
+		t.Fatalf("the second unchanged run logged nothing. Got:\n%s", buf.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// The summary must distinguish an unreadable filesystem from a healthy one — otherwise a drive that
+// has silently gone unreadable for weeks reads as "all fine".
+func TestSummaryCountsUnreadableSeparately(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf strings.Builder
+	w := New(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "s.json"), log.New(&buf, "", 0),
+		func() []Target { return []Target{photos} },
+		func(string) *Usage { return nil })
+	if err := w.Check(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(buf.String(), "checked 0 filesystem(s), 1 unreadable/skipped") {
+		t.Fatalf("an unreadable filesystem is not distinguished in the summary — it would read as a "+
+			"healthy check. Got:\n%s", buf.String())
+	}
+}