v0.244.0: the backup page stops promising what it does not hold (R-537/R-538/R-536)

R-537 — the contents label is now PER TIER. One string computed from the app's
shape was rendered on all three tier rows; a Tier-1 unit has no file-copy step, so
for the four class-A apps it was claiming „Adatok" for files it does not hold.

R-538 — a unit restore REFUSES before anything is touched when the unit cannot
return the app's drive-side files, and names the route that can. It runs before the
stack is stopped because the measured harm included the app's own wastebasket going
unreachable, which still held every byte.

R-536 — „Alkalmazás telepítve" moved from the deploy's acceptance to its completion,
with app_deploy_started and app_deploy_failed as the honest pair.

Each fix red-proofed: seen failing with its own sentence, passing when restored.
Requires hub v0.116.0 for the two new event types. MinAgent unchanged (0.131.0).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0159rPz1ZhFKsS53msqPYxtS

controller/internal/api/r536_accept_time_event_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// R-536 — the ACCEPT-time path must not claim the app is installed.
+//
+// The router holds a concrete *notify.Notifier, so there is no seam to fake here; the claim is
+// therefore asserted where it actually lives — in the source of the deploy handler. This is the same
+// shape as the stacks package's AST test, and it exists for the same reason: the defect was not a
+// wrong value, it was a call in the wrong place.
+//
+// What it pins: the deploy handler (which writes 202 „Telepítés elindítva" and returns, while the
+// compose up runs afterwards) may announce that the install STARTED, and may not announce that it
+// finished. The finishing half is stacks.deployDoneHook → main.go → NotifyAppDeployed, pinned by
+// TestDeployDoneHook_FiresAtTheEndAndSaysWhichEndItWas.
+//
+// Red-proof: put `r.notifier.NotifyAppDeployed(name, displayName)` back beside the 202 → this fails.
+func TestDeployAcceptance_DoesNotClaimTheAppIsInstalled(t *testing.T) {
+	src, err := os.ReadFile("router.go")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	body := string(src)
+
+	if strings.Contains(body, "NotifyAppDeployed(") {
+		t.Fatal("the deploy handler announces an INSTALLED app at accept time — the install has not run yet; " +
+			"an interrupted deploy then stands on the timeline as a completed one (measured 2026-09-16, mealie)")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(body, "NotifyAppDeployStarted(") {
+		t.Fatal("the acceptance is no longer recorded at all — the timeline loses the fact that the customer asked for this app")
+	}
+}

controller/internal/api/router.go

@@ -498,7 +498,10 @@ func (r *Router) deployStack(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, name stri
 		if s, ok := r.stackMgr.GetStack(name); ok && s.Meta.DisplayName != "" {
 			displayName = s.Meta.DisplayName
 		}
-		r.notifier.NotifyAppDeployed(name, displayName)
+		// R-536: this is the ACCEPTANCE, not the installation. `app_deployed` moved to the async
+		// path's own end (stacks.deployDoneHook → Router.OnDeployDone), because the deploy runs after
+		// this returns and an interrupted one used to leave a completed-install record behind.
+		r.notifier.NotifyAppDeployStarted(name, displayName)
 	}
 
 	// Re-sync geo rules (new hostname may need to be added)

controller/internal/backup/file_legs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package backup
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/appbackup"
+)
+
+// DeclaredDriveFileLegs answers ONE question, for the label and for the restore guard alike: which
+// of this app's own files live on the customer's DATA DRIVE rather than inside a Docker volume?
+//
+// R-537 / R-538 (measured 2026-09-16 on a fresh box). A Tier-1 recovery unit captures compose +
+// app.yaml + the DB dumps and volume tars that already exist beside it — `CaptureRecoveryUnit` has
+// no file-copy step at all, and `RecoveryManifest` has no field to record one. The whole-guest tiers
+// do not carry them either (`mp8 /mnt/felhom-drives` is a bind mount and vzdump logs
+// "excluding bind mount point mp8 … (not a volume)"). So for the four class-A apps the drive-side
+// paths are carried by Tier 2 and Tier 3 ONLY — which is the design (07-backup-architecture §6.2),
+// and is exactly why a page that says „Adatok" over a Tier-1 unit, or a restore that replays a
+// database over files it does not have, is a lie rather than a design choice.
+//
+// It returns the DECLARED mandatory paths, resolved but deliberately NOT stat-filtered. The filter
+// belongs to a capture (a declared path that is missing on disk is a capture gap, and
+// `offboxCaptureSet` warns about it there). Here the question is what the app CLAIMS to keep on the
+// drive, and an empty folder the customer has not filled yet must still count — otherwise the label
+// tells the truth today and starts lying the moment they use the app.
+//
+// Empty for: no stack provider, a legacy app with no `backup:` block (nothing declares a namespace
+// path — all 45 class-B apps), or an app with no resolvable HDD_PATH (undeployed).
+func (m *Manager) DeclaredDriveFileLegs(stack string) []string {
+	if m.stackProvider == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	binds, has := m.stackProvider.GetStackClassifiedBinds(stack)
+	if !has {
+		return nil
+	}
+	hdd := strings.TrimSpace(m.stackProvider.GetStackHDDPath(stack))
+	if hdd == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	cs := appbackup.ComputeCaptureSet(binds, has, appbackup.TierOffsite, m.namespaceRoot(hdd), m.stackProvider.GetImportRoot())
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(cs.Paths))
+	for _, p := range cs.Paths {
+		out = append(out, p.Abs)
+	}
+	if len(out) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// HasDriveFileLegs is DeclaredDriveFileLegs as a predicate, for the surfaces that only need the
+// yes/no. Kept beside it so the two can never disagree.
+func (m *Manager) HasDriveFileLegs(stack string) bool {
+	return len(m.DeclaredDriveFileLegs(stack)) > 0
+}

controller/internal/backup/r538_unit_restore_refusal_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package backup
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// R-538 — a unit restore must REFUSE when the unit holds no copy of the app's files.
+//
+// The defect this pins, measured live on 2026-09-16: five photos were put into Nextcloud, the
+// customer pressed „Visszaállítás indítása" on the Tier-1 unit, and the restore replayed three
+// volume tars and a database dump over an app whose files live on the data drive. It reported
+// „3 adatkötet és az adatbázis visszaállítva", and afterwards the folder listed all five photos and
+// none of them opened — the replayed database referenced files that were never captured, and it had
+// also stopped referencing the app's own wastebasket, which still held every byte.
+//
+// The assertion is the CONSEQUENCE, not the mechanism: the call returns the refusal and the app is
+// left alone. Red-proof: delete the guard in RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAtWith → this test fails at
+// "a restore that cannot return the files must refuse".
+func TestUnitRestore_RefusesWhenTheUnitCannotHoldTheFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	drive := t.TempDir()
+	m, _, prov := classifiedOffboxManager(t, drive)
+
+	// A class-A app: it declares a MANDATORY bind under the drive, which is where its files live and
+	// which a Tier-1 unit structurally cannot capture.
+	prov.hdd["nextcloud"] = drive
+	prov.binds["nextcloud"] = []ClassifiedBind{mandatoryHDD("appdata/nextcloud")}
+	prov.has["nextcloud"] = true
+	mkUnit(t, drive, "nextcloud")
+
+	_, err := m.RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAt("nextcloud", RecoveryUnitPath(drive, "nextcloud"))
+	var refusal *ErrUnitLacksFileLegs
+	if !errors.As(err, &refusal) {
+		t.Fatalf("a restore that cannot return the files must refuse; got err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if refusal.Stack != "nextcloud" || len(refusal.Paths) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("the refusal must name the app and the paths it cannot return: %+v", refusal)
+	}
+
+	// NEGATIVE CONTROL, and it is the half that keeps the guard from being over-broad: an app that
+	// declares no drive-side files (all 45 class-B templates, whose data IS in the volumes the unit
+	// captured) must NOT be refused. If this ever starts refusing, the guard has stopped asking about
+	// the unit and started asking about nothing in particular.
+	prov.hdd["privatebin"] = drive
+	prov.has["privatebin"] = false
+	mkUnit(t, drive, "privatebin")
+	_, err = m.RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAt("privatebin", RecoveryUnitPath(drive, "privatebin"))
+	if errors.As(err, &refusal) {
+		t.Fatalf("an app with no drive-side files must not be refused: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// The explicit second step („csak az adatbázist és a beállításokat") passes the guard. It may
+	// still fail further down for unrelated fixture reasons — what is asserted is only that consent
+	// is what the guard consults.
+	_, err = m.RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAtWith("nextcloud", RecoveryUnitPath(drive, "nextcloud"), UnitRestoreOptions{AcceptMissingFiles: true})
+	if errors.As(err, &refusal) {
+		t.Fatalf("explicit consent must pass the guard, not be refused by it: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// DeclaredDriveFileLegs is the ONE predicate the label (R-537) and the refusal (R-538) share. A
+// second copy of this question is how a page and a guard drift apart, so it is pinned here too.
+func TestDeclaredDriveFileLegs_IsAboutDeclarationNotExistence(t *testing.T) {
+	drive := t.TempDir()
+	m, _, prov := classifiedOffboxManager(t, drive)
+	prov.hdd["nextcloud"] = drive
+	prov.binds["nextcloud"] = []ClassifiedBind{mandatoryHDD("appdata/nextcloud")}
+	prov.has["nextcloud"] = true
+
+	// The folder does NOT exist on disk in this fixture. It must still count: a label that tells the
+	// truth only until the customer starts using the app is not telling the truth.
+	if !m.HasDriveFileLegs("nextcloud") {
+		t.Fatal("a declared mandatory drive path must count even before the customer has put anything in it")
+	}
+	if got := m.DeclaredDriveFileLegs("unknown-app"); got != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("an app the provider does not know has no declared legs; got %v", got)
+	}
+}

controller/internal/backup/restore_unit.go

@@ -223,11 +223,61 @@ func (m *Manager) primaryUnitDirFor(stackName string) string {
 // start → replay → start, R-47), the secret reconciliation with unit-over-guest precedence and the
 // fail-closed data-key gate, and the no-unit fallback to RestoreApp with its CountsUnknown handling.
 func (m *Manager) RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAt(stackName, unitDir string) (UnitRestoreResult, error) {
+	return m.RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAtWith(stackName, unitDir, UnitRestoreOptions{})
+}
+
+// UnitRestoreOptions carries the caller's EXPLICIT consent for a restore this package would
+// otherwise refuse. It exists because of R-538, and it has exactly one member for now.
+type UnitRestoreOptions struct {
+	// AcceptMissingFiles lets a unit restore proceed for an app whose own files live on the data
+	// drive and are therefore NOT in the unit. The default — zero value, every existing caller — is
+	// to REFUSE, because the run that produced this option replayed a database over files that were
+	// never captured, reported „3 adatkötet és az adatbázis visszaállítva", and left Nextcloud
+	// listing five photos that returned `Sabre\DAV\Exception\NotFound`.
+	//
+	// It is a per-call argument and never a field on the Manager: a consent that outlives the act it
+	// was given for is not consent.
+	AcceptMissingFiles bool
+}
+
+// ErrUnitLacksFileLegs is the refusal R-538 asks for. It names the app and the paths that are NOT in
+// the unit, so the caller can build an honest sentence without re-deriving anything.
+type ErrUnitLacksFileLegs struct {
+	Stack string
+	Paths []string
+}
+
+func (e *ErrUnitLacksFileLegs) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s: the recovery unit carries no copy of the app's files on the data drive (%s) — refusing to replay the database over them",
+		e.Stack, strings.Join(e.Paths, ", "))
+}
+
+// RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAtWith is RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAt with the caller's explicit consent
+// flags. See UnitRestoreOptions.
+func (m *Manager) RestoreFromRecoveryUnitAtWith(stackName, unitDir string, opt UnitRestoreOptions) (UnitRestoreResult, error) {
 	var res UnitRestoreResult
 	if m.stackProvider == nil {
 		return res, fmt.Errorf("stack provider not configured")
 	}
 
+	// R-538 — REFUSE BEFORE ANYTHING IS TOUCHED. This runs before the lock, before the stack is
+	// stopped and before a single volume is replaced, because the measured harm was not only the
+	// missing files: the replayed database also stopped referencing the app's OWN wastebasket, which
+	// still held every byte on the drive. A refusal that has already stopped the app has destroyed
+	// the customer's last route while declining to help them.
+	//
+	// The condition is about the UNIT, not the app class: a unit structurally cannot hold these
+	// paths (`CaptureRecoveryUnit` has no file-copy step, `RecoveryManifest` no field for one), and
+	// that is true of the Tier-2 mirror of a unit as well — Tier 2's file half is a separate action
+	// („Fájlok visszaállítása", RestoreTier2Files), which is exactly what the caller should offer.
+	if !opt.AcceptMissingFiles {
+		if legs := m.DeclaredDriveFileLegs(stackName); len(legs) > 0 {
+			m.logger.Printf("[WARN] [backup] unit restore REFUSED for %s: the unit carries no file leg; %d drive path(s) would be left as they are: %s",
+				stackName, len(legs), strings.Join(legs, ", "))
+			return res, &ErrUnitLacksFileLegs{Stack: stackName, Paths: legs}
+		}
+	}
+
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	if m.running {
 		m.mu.Unlock()

controller/internal/notify/notifier.go

@@ -515,12 +515,40 @@ type EndpointDriftDetails struct {
 }
 
 // NotifyAppDeployed sends an app deployment event.
+//
+// R-536: it is called when the deploy COMPLETES (the compose up succeeded and the app's durable
+// state was written), never when the request was merely accepted. It used to fire beside the 202,
+// so an install that was interrupted five seconds later still stood on the hub's timeline as
+// „Alkalmazás telepítve" forever — measured 2026-09-16 with mealie, which ended `not_deployed`.
 func (n *Notifier) NotifyAppDeployed(stackName, displayName string) {
 	n.PushEvent("app_deployed", "info",
 		fmt.Sprintf("Alkalmazás telepítve: %s", displayName),
 		AppDetails{StackName: stackName, DisplayName: displayName})
 }
 
+// NotifyAppDeployStarted records the ACCEPTANCE — the fact `app_deployed` used to assert. It keeps
+// the timeline's "the customer asked for this app at 12:31" without claiming the install finished.
+//
+// NOTE: the hub validates event_type against allowedEventTypes and 400s an unknown one, so this type
+// MUST exist there too (hub handler.go) or the event is silently inert.
+func (n *Notifier) NotifyAppDeployStarted(stackName, displayName string) {
+	n.PushEvent("app_deploy_started", "info",
+		fmt.Sprintf("Alkalmazás telepítése elindult: %s", displayName),
+		AppDetails{StackName: stackName, DisplayName: displayName})
+}
+
+// NotifyAppDeployFailed closes the pair. severity=warning, not info: an install the customer started
+// and that did not finish is a thing someone should see, and the silent version of this is exactly
+// what left a completed-install record for an app that was never installed.
+func (n *Notifier) NotifyAppDeployFailed(stackName, displayName, reason string) {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf("Alkalmazás telepítése nem sikerült: %s", displayName)
+	if reason != "" {
+		msg += " — " + reason
+	}
+	n.PushEvent("app_deploy_failed", "warning", msg,
+		AppDetails{StackName: stackName, DisplayName: displayName})
+}
+
 // AppRunState is one deployed app's running state for the fix-3 start-failure notifier: Down=true
 // when the app is deployed but its containers are not running.
 type AppRunState struct {

controller/internal/stacks/deploy.go

@@ -401,6 +401,15 @@ func (m *Manager) DeployStack(req DeployRequest) (string, error) {
 
 // runComposeDeploy executes docker compose up -d in background.
 // On success it refreshes status; on failure it reverts the deploy state.
+// SetDeployDoneHook registers the callback fired (in the deploy goroutine) when an async deploy
+// ENDS — successfully or not. It is the seam R-536 needed: the deploy's outcome is known here and
+// nowhere else, and the hub event that asserts an app is installed must hang off the outcome rather
+// than off the acceptance.
+//
+// Same shape as SetMigrationDoneHook, deliberately: the policy (which event, what wording) lives in
+// the caller, and this package only reports what happened.
+func (m *Manager) SetDeployDoneHook(fn func(name string, ok bool, detail string)) { m.deployDoneHook = fn }
+
 func (m *Manager) runComposeDeploy(name, stackDir string, env map[string]string, appCfg *AppConfig) {
 	start := time.Now()
 	_, composeErr := m.composeExecWithEnv(stackDir, env, "up", "-d")
@@ -421,6 +430,15 @@ func (m *Manager) runComposeDeploy(name, stackDir string, env map[string]string,
 		// Save reverted state to disk with encryption (H05 fix)
 		meta := LoadMetadata(stackDir)
 		_ = SaveAppConfig(stackDir, appCfg, m.encKey, SensitiveEnvVars(&meta))
+		// R-536: the deploy ended, and it ended badly. Say so — the alternative is the silence that
+		// let an accept-time „Alkalmazás telepítve" stand as the last word on an app that never ran.
+		//
+		// The app.yaml is deliberately NOT deleted here: it is the crash-safe record written with
+		// Deployed:false, it carries the settings the customer typed, and a redeploy reuses them. The
+		// state the surfaces read is `not_deployed`, which is the fact that matters.
+		if m.deployDoneHook != nil {
+			m.deployDoneHook(name, false, composeErr.Error())
+		}
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -472,6 +490,19 @@ func (m *Manager) runComposeDeploy(name, stackDir string, env map[string]string,
 	m.logPostStartStatus(name, stackDir, deployEnv)
 
 	_ = m.RefreshStatus()
+
+	// R-536: ONLY NOW is „Alkalmazás telepítve" a true sentence — the compose up succeeded, the
+	// durable record says deployed, the images are recorded and the status has been refreshed. The
+	// observed state rides along rather than being asserted: a stack that is still `starting` is
+	// installed, and the detail says which it is instead of the event implying health it has not
+	// measured.
+	if m.deployDoneHook != nil {
+		state := ""
+		if s, ok := m.GetStack(name); ok {
+			state = string(s.State)
+		}
+		m.deployDoneHook(name, true, state)
+	}
 }
 
 // UpdateStackConfig updates non-locked fields for a deployed stack.

controller/internal/stacks/manager.go

@@ -205,6 +205,11 @@ type Manager struct {
 	sysDataPath   string
 	backupRunning func() bool         // mutual exclusion with the backup orchestrator (Change 3)
 	migDoneHook   func(*MigrationJob) // fired on successful completion (decommission policy lives in caller)
+	// deployDoneHook (R-536) fires when an ASYNC deploy reaches its end — ok=true with the observed
+	// state, or ok=false with the reason. The hub event that says „Alkalmazás telepítve" hangs off
+	// this and nothing else: it used to be sent beside the 202 that merely accepted the request, so
+	// an install interrupted five seconds later stayed on the timeline as a completed one.
+	deployDoneHook func(name string, ok bool, detail string)
 	testSeams     *migSeams           // nil in production; tests inject fakes
 	// R-51: docker restart policies for DOWN members of mixed stacks. Keyed by
 	// containerName+"|"+state so a transitioned or recreated container re-reads rather than

controller/internal/stacks/r536_deploy_done_hook_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package stacks
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// withFakeComposeExit is withFakeCompose with a chosen exit code, so the FAILING deploy can be
+// driven through the same process boundary as the succeeding one.
+func withFakeComposeExit(t *testing.T, m *Manager, code int) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
+		t.Skip("the stub compose binary is a shell script")
+	}
+	bin := t.TempDir()
+	script := "#!/bin/sh\nexit " + string(rune('0'+code)) + "\n"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(bin, "docker-compose"), []byte(script), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Setenv("PATH", bin+string(os.PathListSeparator)+os.Getenv("PATH"))
+	m.composeCmd = "docker-compose"
+	m.execFn = func(string, ...string) (string, error) { return "", nil }
+}
+
+// R-536 — „Alkalmazás telepítve" must be said at the END of a deploy, and a deploy that ends badly
+// must say THAT rather than nothing.
+//
+// The defect this pins, measured live on 2026-09-16: the deploy of `mealie` was accepted at
+// 12:31:36 CEST and the hub logged „Alkalmazás telepítve: Mealie" in the same second; the controller
+// was killed five seconds later, and after the agent restarted it the stack read
+// `not_deployed / deployed=false / deploying=false`. Nothing ever corrected the event.
+//
+// Red-proof: remove the deployDoneHook call from the success path → the "installed" case fails;
+// remove it from the failure branch → the "failed" case fails.
+func TestDeployDoneHook_FiresAtTheEndAndSaysWhichEndItWas(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("a deploy that succeeds reports installed", func(t *testing.T) {
+		m, dir := newInstalledManager(t, "services:\n  web:\n    image: nginx:1.27\n", "deployed: true\nenv: {}\n")
+		withFakeCompose(t, m)
+
+		var gotName, gotDetail string
+		var gotOK, fired bool
+		m.SetDeployDoneHook(func(name string, ok bool, detail string) {
+			fired, gotName, gotOK, gotDetail = true, name, ok, detail
+		})
+
+		m.runComposeDeploy("bookstack", dir, map[string]string{}, &AppConfig{Deployed: true})
+
+		if !fired {
+			t.Fatal("the deploy ended and nothing was told about it")
+		}
+		if gotName != "bookstack" || !gotOK {
+			t.Fatalf("a successful deploy must report ok for its own app: name=%q ok=%v detail=%q", gotName, gotOK, gotDetail)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("a deploy that fails says so", func(t *testing.T) {
+		m, dir := newInstalledManager(t, "services:\n  web:\n    image: nginx:1.27\n", "deployed: true\nenv: {}\n")
+		withFakeComposeExit(t, m, 1)
+
+		var gotOK, fired bool
+		var gotDetail string
+		m.SetDeployDoneHook(func(_ string, ok bool, detail string) {
+			fired, gotOK, gotDetail = true, ok, detail
+		})
+
+		m.runComposeDeploy("bookstack", dir, map[string]string{}, &AppConfig{Deployed: true})
+
+		if !fired {
+			t.Fatal("a failed deploy must be reported, not be silence — silence is what left a completed-install record for an app that never ran")
+		}
+		if gotOK {
+			t.Fatalf("a failed deploy must not report ok (detail=%q)", gotDetail)
+		}
+		// And the durable record must read not-deployed, which is the fact every surface reads.
+		if cfg := LoadAppConfig(dir); cfg != nil && cfg.Deployed {
+			t.Fatal("a failed deploy must leave the durable record NOT deployed")
+		}
+	})
+}

controller/internal/web/handlers.go

@@ -1174,9 +1174,15 @@ type AppBackupRow struct {
 	StorageLabel  string
 	HDDSizeHuman  string
 
-	// What this app's backup contains (for display)
-	// e.g., "DB + Konfiguráció + Adatok", "DB + Konfiguráció", "Konfiguráció"
-	BackupContents string
+	// What this app's backup contains, PER TIER (R-537). One string for all three tiers was a claim
+	// no single string can support: a Tier-1 unit holds no copy of the files a class-A app keeps on
+	// the data drive, while Tier 2 and Tier 3 do. e.g. Tier1Contents "DB + Konfig",
+	// Tier23Contents "DB + Konfig + Adatok".
+	Tier1Contents  string
+	Tier23Contents string
+	// DriveFilesNote is non-empty exactly when this app keeps files on the data drive that a Tier-1
+	// unit cannot hold — the one sentence that tells the household where those files ARE protected.
+	DriveFilesNote string
 
 	// RestoreHeld (R-379) — this app is deliberately stopped because a database restore failed AND
 	// the rollback failed. Distinct from any backup status: it is about the app's LIVE data, not its
@@ -1342,16 +1348,41 @@ func (s *Server) buildAppBackupRows(status *backup.FullBackupStatus) []AppBackup
 			}
 		}
 
-		// Build backup contents label
-		var parts []string
+		// Build the backup contents labels — ONE PER TIER (R-537).
+		//
+		// This used to be a single string rendered on all three tier rows, computed from the APP's
+		// shape (`HasHDDData || HasVolumeData → "Adatok"`) rather than from what each tier actually
+		// captures. On a fresh one-drive box that made the Tier-1 row read „DB + Konfig + Adatok"
+		// over a unit holding a database dump, three volume tars and no copy of the customer's files
+		// at all — measured 2026-09-16 with five photos that were in no backup while the page said
+		// they were.
+		//
+		// The fact each tier captures is settled in 07-backup-architecture §6.1/§6.2 and is not
+		// changed here: a Tier-1 unit carries compose + app.yaml + DB dumps + volume tars and has no
+		// file-copy step; the drive-side file legs of a class-A app are carried by Tier 2 and Tier 3.
+		// So the label differs by tier, and one string cannot be true for all three.
+		hasDriveFileLegs := s.backupMgr != nil && s.backupMgr.HasDriveFileLegs(app.StackName)
+		base := []string{}
 		if hasDB {
-			parts = append(parts, "DB")
+			base = append(base, "DB")
 		}
-		parts = append(parts, "Konfig")
-		if app.HasHDDData || app.HasVolumeData {
-			parts = append(parts, "Adatok")
+		base = append(base, "Konfig")
+		withData := func(add bool) string {
+			p := append([]string{}, base...)
+			if add {
+				p = append(p, "Adatok")
+			}
+			return strings.Join(p, " + ")
+		}
+		// Tier 1: „Adatok" only when the app's data really is inside the volumes this unit captured.
+		// For an app that keeps its files on the drive it is a claim the unit cannot support.
+		tier1Contents := withData(app.HasVolumeData && !hasDriveFileLegs)
+		// Tier 2 / Tier 3 carry the file legs, so for them „Adatok" is true either way.
+		tier23Contents := withData(app.HasVolumeData || hasDriveFileLegs)
+		driveFilesNote := ""
+		if hasDriveFileLegs {
+			driveFilesNote = "Az alkalmazás fájljait a távoli másolat (és a második meghajtó) védi — ez a helyi mentés a beállításokat és az adatbázist tartalmazza."
 		}
-		contents := strings.Join(parts, " + ")
 
 		slug := ""
 		if s.stackMgr != nil {
@@ -1370,7 +1401,9 @@ func (s *Server) buildAppBackupRows(status *backup.FullBackupStatus) []AppBackup
 			DriveDisconnected: driveDisconnected,
 			StorageLabel:      app.StorageLabel,
 			HDDSizeHuman:      app.HDDSizeHuman,
-			BackupContents:    contents,
+			Tier1Contents:     tier1Contents,
+			Tier23Contents:    tier23Contents,
+			DriveFilesNote:    driveFilesNote,
 			Tier1DBStatus:     tier1DBStatus,
 		}
 
@@ -1513,6 +1546,27 @@ func tier2DestLabel(destPath, systemDataPath string) string {
 	return filepath.Base(strings.TrimSuffix(destPath, "/"+backup.FelhomDataDir))
 }
 
+// missingFileLegsRefusal builds the Hungarian sentence shown when a unit restore is refused because
+// the unit carries no copy of the app's files (R-538). It names the route that CAN return them, and
+// when there is none it says so rather than implying one exists.
+//
+// The three branches are the three real states, in the order a customer can act on them: the off-site
+// copy (a full restore brings files AND database), the second drive (its file half is its own
+// action), and nothing.
+func (s *Server) missingFileLegsRefusal(ctx context.Context, stackName string) string {
+	const head = "Ez a mentés nem tartalmazza az alkalmazás fájljait, ezért nem állítjuk vissza az adatbázist föléjük — a fájlok így a helyükön maradnak. "
+	if s.backupMgr != nil {
+		rows, _ := s.offsiteRestoreRows(ctx)
+		if row := resolveOffsiteRestoreApp(rows, stackName); row != nil {
+			return head + "A fájlok a távoli másolatból állíthatók vissza: Biztonsági mentés → Visszaállítás, „Teljes visszaállítás (fájlok + adatbázis)”."
+		}
+		if cov, err := s.backupMgr.Tier2RestoreCoverage(stackName); err == nil && cov.CanRestore() {
+			return head + "A fájlok a második meghajtó másolatából állíthatók vissza: „Fájlok visszaállítása”."
+		}
+	}
+	return head + "Ezekről a fájlokról jelenleg nincs másolat — kapcsold be a távoli mentést, vagy csatlakoztass egy második meghajtót."
+}
+
 func (s *Server) backupRestoreHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	_ = r.ParseForm()
 
@@ -1546,6 +1600,24 @@ func (s *Server) backupRestoreHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		http.Redirect(w, r, "/backups/restore?flash_error="+url.QueryEscape(msg), http.StatusFound)
 		return
 	}
+	// R-538: refuse a unit restore that would replay a database over files the unit does not hold —
+	// BEFORE the op begins, so nothing is stopped and the app's own wastebasket is left intact. The
+	// customer gets the route that CAN return their files instead of a success message over an app
+	// listing photos it cannot open.
+	//
+	// `accept_missing_files=1` is the explicit, separately-worded second step („csak az adatbázist és
+	// a beállításokat"). It is deliberately not a sibling of the main button: two controls whose
+	// difference is "your data comes back" are never siblings (R-48).
+	acceptMissingFiles := r.FormValue("accept_missing_files") == "1"
+	if !acceptMissingFiles {
+		if legs := s.backupMgr.DeclaredDriveFileLegs(stackName); len(legs) > 0 {
+			msg := s.missingFileLegsRefusal(r.Context(), stackName)
+			s.logger.Printf("[WARN] [web] restore refused for %s: unit carries no file leg (%d drive path(s))", stackName, len(legs))
+			http.Redirect(w, r, "/backups/restore?flash_error="+url.QueryEscape(msg), http.StatusFound)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
 	s.logger.Printf("[WARN] [web] Restore requested (async): stack=%s, snapshot=%s from %s", stackName, snapshotID, r.RemoteAddr)
 	s.backupMgr.BeginRestoreOp("restore", stackName)
 	go func() {

controller/internal/web/r537_tier_contents_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package web
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/appbackup"
+	"gitea.dooplex.hu/admin/felhom-controller/internal/backup"
+)
+
+// fileLegProvider declares a MANDATORY drive-side bind for one app and nothing for the others — the
+// shape of a class-A app (calibre-web, immich, nextcloud, paperless-ngx) against the 45 whose data
+// lives entirely in Docker volumes.
+type fileLegProvider struct {
+	blockProvider
+	withLegs string
+}
+
+func (p *fileLegProvider) GetStackComposePath(string) (string, bool) { return "compose", true }
+func (p *fileLegProvider) GetStackClassifiedBinds(n string) ([]backup.ClassifiedBind, bool) {
+	if n != p.withLegs {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return []backup.ClassifiedBind{{
+		ComposeBind: appbackup.ComposeBind{Root: appbackup.RootHDD, RelPath: "appdata/" + n},
+		Class:       appbackup.ClassMandatory,
+	}}, true
+}
+
+// R-537 — the backup page must describe what each TIER captured, not what the app is shaped like.
+//
+// The defect this pins, measured live on 2026-09-16 on a fresh box: the Tier-1 row read
+// „DB + Konfig + Adatok" for Nextcloud, over a unit that held a database dump, three volume tars and
+// no copy of the customer's files at all. The five photos in that folder were in no backup on the
+// box, and the page said they were.
+//
+// Red-proof: put the old single label back (`if app.HasHDDData || app.HasVolumeData → "Adatok"`,
+// rendered on all three tier rows) → the Tier-1 assertion fails.
+func TestAppBackupRows_Tier1LabelDoesNotClaimFilesItCannotHold(t *testing.T) {
+	s, _, m := newOffboxWebServer(t)
+	drive := t.TempDir()
+	m.SetStackProvider(&fileLegProvider{blockProvider: blockProvider{hdd: drive}, withLegs: "nextcloud"})
+
+	rows := s.buildAppBackupRows(&backup.FullBackupStatus{AppDataInfo: []backup.AppBackupInfo{
+		{StackName: "nextcloud", DisplayName: "Nextcloud", HasHDDData: true, HasVolumeData: true},
+		{StackName: "privatebin", DisplayName: "PrivateBin", HasVolumeData: true},
+	}})
+
+	nc := findRow(rows, "nextcloud")
+	if nc == nil {
+		t.Fatal("no row for nextcloud")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(nc.Tier1Contents, "Adatok") {
+		t.Fatalf("the Tier-1 label claims it holds the app's data: %q — the unit has no file leg and the customer's files are on the drive", nc.Tier1Contents)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(nc.Tier23Contents, "Adatok") {
+		t.Fatalf("Tier 2/3 DO carry the file legs; their label must say so: %q", nc.Tier23Contents)
+	}
+	if nc.DriveFilesNote == "" {
+		t.Fatal("an app whose files a local backup cannot hold must be told where they ARE protected")
+	}
+
+	// NEGATIVE CONTROL: an app whose data really is inside the volumes the unit captured keeps its
+	// „Adatok". Without this, "never say Adatok" would pass and would be a different lie.
+	pb := findRow(rows, "privatebin")
+	if pb == nil || !strings.Contains(pb.Tier1Contents, "Adatok") {
+		t.Fatalf("an app whose data IS in the captured volumes must keep its Adatok label: %+v", pb)
+	}
+	if pb.DriveFilesNote != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("an app with no drive-side files needs no note about them: %q", pb.DriveFilesNote)
+	}
+}

controller/internal/web/templates/backups_apps.html

@@ -202,7 +202,8 @@
                         {{else}}<span class="state-text-neutral" title="Erről a mentésről nincs eredményünk.">—</span>{{end}}
                     </span>
                     {{end}}
-                    <span class="tier-contents">{{.BackupContents}}</span>
+                    <span class="tier-contents">{{.Tier1Contents}}</span>
+                    {{if .DriveFilesNote}}<span class="state-text-neutral" style="font-size:.8rem">{{.DriveFilesNote}}</span>{{end}}
                     {{if and .HasDB (eq .Tier1DBStatus "error")}}
                     <span class="text-error" style="font-size:.8rem"><svg class="ico ico-sm"><use href="#i-triangle-alert"/></svg> DB dump hiba</span>
                     {{end}}
@@ -226,7 +227,7 @@
                         {{else}}
                         <span class="layer-last" style="opacity:.6">Még nincs sikeres másolat</span>
                         {{end}}
-                        <span class="tier-contents" style="opacity:.6">{{.BackupContents}}</span>
+                        <span class="tier-contents" style="opacity:.6">{{.Tier23Contents}}</span>
                         <div class="layer-actions">
                             <a href="/stacks/{{.StackName}}/backup" class="btn btn-xs btn-outline">Beállítás</a>
                         </div>
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@
                         {{else}}
                         <span class="layer-last" style="opacity:.6">Még nincs sikeres másolat</span>
                         {{end}}
-                        <span class="tier-contents" style="opacity:.6">{{.BackupContents}}</span>
+                        <span class="tier-contents" style="opacity:.6">{{.Tier23Contents}}</span>
                         <div class="layer-actions">
                             <a href="/stacks/{{.StackName}}/backup" class="btn btn-xs btn-outline">Beállítás</a>
                         </div>
@@ -272,7 +273,7 @@
                              not render as a plain fresh copy. The status line above is about the RUN;
                              this one is about the PACKAGE, and after a preserved leg they differ. */}}
                         {{if .Tier2UnitStaleNotice}}<span class="layer-reason" style="color:var(--warn);opacity:.9">{{.Tier2UnitStaleNotice}}</span>{{end}}
-                        <span class="tier-contents">{{.BackupContents}}</span>
+                        <span class="tier-contents">{{.Tier23Contents}}</span>
                         <span class="tier-browsable" title="A mentés böngészhető fájlrendszerben"><svg class="ico ico-sm"><use href="#i-file-text"/></svg></span>
                         <div class="layer-actions">
                             {{if not .Tier2SuccessTracked}}{{if .Tier2LastRun}}