feat: comprehensive INFO/WARN/ERROR logging across all controller modules

Add structured operational logging at INFO, WARN, and ERROR levels to
every controller module. Standardize custom prefixes ([GEO], [SCHED],
[SYNC]) to use [INFO/WARN/ERROR] [module] format. Fix misleveled logs
(WARN->ERROR for data loss scenarios, WARN->INFO for routine operations).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

controller/internal/storage/attach_linux.go

@@ -184,6 +184,9 @@ func FinalizeAttach(req AttachRequest, progress chan<- FormatProgress) (string,
 			errStr = err.Error()
 		}
 		progress <- FormatProgress{Step: "error", Message: msg, Error: errStr, Percent: 0}
+		if req.Logger != nil {
+			req.Logger.Printf("[ERROR] [storage] Failed to attach disk: %v", err)
+		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", msg, err)
 	}
 	dbg := func(format string, args ...interface{}) {
@@ -193,6 +196,9 @@ func FinalizeAttach(req AttachRequest, progress chan<- FormatProgress) (string,
 	}
 
 	mountPath := "/mnt/" + req.MountName
+	if req.Logger != nil {
+		req.Logger.Printf("[INFO] [storage] Attaching disk %s at %s", req.DevicePath, mountPath)
+	}
 	dbg("starting: device=%s mountName=%s subPath=%s", req.DevicePath, req.MountName, req.SubPath)
 
 	// --- Step 1: Validate ---
@@ -322,6 +328,9 @@ func FinalizeAttach(req AttachRequest, progress chan<- FormatProgress) (string,
 	}
 
 	dbg("attach completed successfully: %s", mountPath)
+	if req.Logger != nil {
+		req.Logger.Printf("[INFO] [storage] Disk attached successfully")
+	}
 	send("done", "Meghajtó sikeresen csatolva: "+mountPath, 100)
 
 	return mountPath, nil